A cross-sectional study on bovine Schistosomiasis in and around Kemissie,Dawa Cheffa District

Abstract

A cross sectional study was conducted in and around Kemissie, Dawa Cheffa District to estimate the prevalence and identify possible risk factors for the disease in the study area. Animal identification based on age, sex, breed and body condition score and management system of the study animals were taken into account followed by coprological examination for the presence of the developmental stages of parasites or parasite in naturally infected cattle. For this purpose, four hundred and five randomly selected animals were examined during the study period out of which 75 (18.5%) were found positive for schistosomiasis based on fecal examination. Variation together with age and sex of animals did not show statistical significance (P>0.05) in the disease occurrence. However, the prevalence of the disease was highest in young animals (23.14%), followed by adults (17.61%) and least in old animals (15.49%). On the other hand, statistical significant association (P<0.05) was seen with the variation of breeds, body condition score and management systems in the disease occurrence. In conclusion, relatively moderate prevalence (18.5%) was recorded in and around Kemissie and based on the results obtained, recommendations were forwarded.

Epidemiology of bovine schistosomiasis and associated risk factors in Ethiopia: A systematic review with meta-analysis of published articles, 2008–2018

“…However, no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) was found between the sexes ( Table 4 ). A similar finding was conducted by [ 11 , 13 , 22 ], the pooled odds ratio of male to female also confirmed that no significant difference (OR = 1.007; p = 0.927) between infection incidence of bovine schistosomiasis and animal gender. This may be due to exposure of both sex categories in similar grazing areas and same watering system and finally equal chance of developing the disease [ 12 ].…”

“…Eight studies found a statistically significant association between body condition and the prevalence ofschistosomiaisis in cattle, while the remaining two studies found that body condition did not affect the occurrence of this trematode infection in cattle. Therefore, the prevalence of schistosomiasis in cattle was higher in poor body condition animals [ 13 , 22 , 23 , 26 , 28 , 33 ], followed by medium body condition animals [ 10 ] ( Table 4 ). On the other hand, [ 20 , 30 ] found no significant association between the prevalence of schistosomisis and the body condition of the animals which was 24% (95% CI; 22–26%; p = 0.79) and 57% (95%CI 38–85%; p = 0.073), respectively.…”

“…Four of the identified studies [ 13 , 22 , 23 , 26 ] examined the association between the prevalence of bovine schistosomiasis and the management system of the animals. Two of four [ 13 , 22 ] had shown a statically significant association of the management system with bovine schistosomiasis among cattle.…”

“…Four of the identified studies [ 13 , 22 , 23 , 26 ] examined the association between the prevalence of bovine schistosomiasis and the management system of the animals. Two of four [ 13 , 22 ] had shown a statically significant association of the management system with bovine schistosomiasis among cattle. An extensive management system had an effect on the prevalence of bovine schistosomiasis whereas the remaining two studies [ 23 , 26 ] have revealed that the management system had no effect on the prevalence of bovine schistosomiasis.…”

“…Various epidemiological studies on schistosomiasis in cattle have been carried out in Ethiopia. The prevalence of Schistosoma bovis has been studied by several authors at different times and in different parts of Ethiopia, and a prevalence of 12.3–29% has been reported by Kerie and Seyoum; Alemayehu and Asrat; Habtamu and Mariam; Aylate et al [ 10 – 13 ] in different districts of the Amhara region. Since the occurrence of biotypes suitable for the development and reproduction of intermediate hosts is closely linked to the occurrence of stagnant water and swampy grazing land, these epidemiological studies are an indication of the regular occurrence of diseases, especially in the area of stagnant water and swampy grazing land.…”