A Crucial Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Dehydration Resistance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Chen, Changlin; Chen, Ying-Chieh; Huang, Weiling; Lin, Steven; Daugelavičius, Rimantas; Rapoport, Alexander; Chang, Chuang–Rung

doi:10.3390/ijms22094607

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The closest comparison we could find was a recent study of chronic kidney disease showing a slow and gradual change in mitochondrial dynamics from fusion to fission in remnant renal masses from day 2 to day 28 after 5/6 nephrectomy in rats [ 55 ]. Another example of the critical role of shifting the mitochondrial dynamic equilibrium was seen in S. cerevisiae , in that it employed a delicate balance of fusion and fission to adjust mitochondrial dynamics in a stationary growth phase to resist prolonged dehydration stress [ 56 ]. These examples, together with our observations in human cells, signify the importance of mitochondrial network dynamics in both early stress response and late adaptation to the changing microenvironment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of distinct slow mode of reversible adaptation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma to the prolonged acidic pH microenvironment

Liao

et al. 2022

J Exp Clin Cancer Res

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Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common pancreatic neoplasm with high metastatic potential and poor clinical outcome. Like other solid tumors, PDAC in the early stages is often asymptomatic, and grows very slowly under a distinct acidic pHe (extracellular pH) microenvironment. However, most previous studies have only reported the fate of cancerous cells upon cursory exposure to acidic pHe conditions. Little is known about how solid tumors—such as the lethal PDAC originating within the pancreatic duct-acinar system that secretes alkaline fluids—evolve to withstand and adapt to the prolonged acidotic microenvironmental stress. Methods Representative PDAC cells were exposed to various biologically relevant periods of extracellular acidity. The time effects of acidic pHe stress were determined with respect to tumor cell proliferation, phenotypic regulation, autophagic control, metabolic plasticity, mitochondrial network dynamics, and metastatic potentials. Results Unlike previous short-term analyses, we found that the acidosis-mediated autophagy occurred mainly as an early stress response but not for later adaptation to microenvironmental acidification. Rather, PDAC cells use a distinct and lengthy process of reversible adaptive plasticity centered on the early fast and later slow mitochondrial network dynamics and metabolic adjustment. This regulates their acute responses and chronic adaptations to the acidic pHe microenvironment. A more malignant state with increased migratory and invasive potentials in long-term acidosis-adapted PDAC cells was obtained with key regulatory molecules being closely related to overall patient survival. Finally, the identification of 34 acidic pHe-related genes could be potential targets for the development of diagnosis and treatment against PDAC. Conclusions Our study offers a novel mechanism of early rapid response and late reversible adaptation of PDAC cells to the stress of extracellular acidosis. The presence of this distinctive yet slow mode of machinery fills an important knowledge gap in how solid tumor cells sense, respond, reprogram, and ultimately adapt to the persistent microenvironmental acidification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of distinct slow mode of reversible adaptation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma to the prolonged acidic pH microenvironment

Liao

et al. 2022

J Exp Clin Cancer Res

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“…Knockdown of Hsp70 gene reduces the viability of desiccated cysts of Artemia [16]. A genome wide screening in budding yeast revealed that respiration is a prerequisite in acquiring desiccation tolerance [17], and it is likely associated with the dynamic changes of mitochondria [18]. In yeast, due to starvation stress or lack of nutrient, stationary cells become more resistant to different stresses, via dramatic decrease in overall growth, enriched lipids, trehalose and proteins, and thickened cell wall that are necessary to encounter heat, cold, or desiccation stress [8,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome-condensed G1 phase yeast cells are tolerant to desiccation stress

Zhang¹,

Zhang²

2022

Microb Cell

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The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is capable of surviving extreme water loss for a long time. However, less is known about the mechanism of its desiccation tolerance. In this study, we revealed that in an exponential culture, all desiccation tolerant yeast cells were in G1 phase and had condensed chromosomes. These cells share certain features of stationary G0 cells, such as low metabolic level. They were also replicatively young, compared to the desiccation sensitive G1 cells. A similar percentage of chromosome-condensed cells were observed in stationary phase but the condensation level was much higher than that of the log-phase cells. These chromosome-condensed stationary cells were also tolerant to desiccation. However, the majority of the desiccation tolerant cells in stationary phase do not have condensed chromosomes. We speculate that the log-phase cells with condensed chromosome might be a unique feature developed through evolution to survive unpredicted sudden changes of the environment.

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“…The role of mitochondria in desiccation tolerance has already been described, but Chen et al reported on the very important role of mitochondrial dynamics in this process [ 8 ]. They demonstrated that preserved mitochondrial dynamics during the stationary phase of growth is necessary for adequate cell response to dehydration/rehydration stress.…”

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confidence: 99%