A decision support tool for the first stage of the tempering process of organic wheat grains in a mill

Abstract

SummaryWheat tempering conditions grains before a milling process begins. Process adjustments must be made to reach a desired level of flour quality and yield, depending on multiple factors. This article aims to develop a decision support tool to help operators adjust the first‐stage tempering parameters. It is based on a regression model that predicts an increase in organic wheat moisture content according to the properties of the wheat (initial wheat moisture content, wheat protein content and wheat temperature), process parameters (targeted wheat moisture content, wheat flow rate, water flow rate, wheat quantity and resting time) and tempering conditions (water quantity, average day temperature and average day humidity). The increase in wheat moisture achieved during the first tempering stage varies between 0% and 5%. Five regression models were compared: OLS, LASSO, RIDGE, ElasticNet and XGBoost. The models have been developed and tested from a case study at an organic wheat mill. The results indicate that the LASSO model outperformed others, with an average prediction error of 0.428%. The model showed the importance of humidity and temperature factors during the tempering process. The flow of water and wheat were the most influential parameters for an increase in wheat moisture content.

Ensuring food security and sustainability in the face of crises

“…A decision support tool for the first stage of the tempering process of organic wheat grains in a mill—Parrenin et al . (2023) develops a decision support tool to help operators adjust tempering parameters in small‐scale food processing, aiming for improved food safety in short food supply chains.…”

“…(2023) identifies and analyses challenges to sustainable food grain storage management in emerging nations, providing a logical framework to support decision‐making and sustainability. A decision support tool for the first stage of the tempering process of organic wheat grains in a mill—Parrenin et al . (2023) develops a decision support tool to help operators adjust tempering parameters in small‐scale food processing, aiming for improved food safety in short food supply chains. The beeswax processing by‐product: a potential antibacterial ingredient for food and nutraceutical applications—Peron et al . (2023) explores the potential application of beeswax processing by‐product as an antibacterial ingredient for food and nutraceutical products. Usage of online food delivery in food waste generation in China during the crisis of COVID‐19—Wei et al .…”