A defect in purine nucleotide metabolism in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, causes a translucent larval integument and male infertility

Fujii, Tsuguru; Kakino, Kohei; Tanaka, Miyu; Lee, Jae Man; Kusakabe, Takahiro; Banno, Yutaka

doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103458

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…We observed that the Bm5 N mutants had highly transparent larval integument from the second to the fifth instar, compared with WT animals (Figure 3A,B), indicating that the loss of the Bm5 N gene affected UA metabolism. These results are supported by a recent independent study, also revealing that Bm5 N is an essential gene in the p-oily (op) mutant in the silkworm [46]. The measurement of the UA content reduction in the integument of Bm5 N mutants compared to WT which can be seen in Figure 4A.…”

Section: Loss Function Of Bm5 N Results In Translucency Of the Larval Integumentsupporting

confidence: 85%

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5′-Nucleotidase Plays a Key Role in Uric Acid Metabolism of Bombyx mori

Tang

Yang

Wang

et al. 2021

Cells

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Uric acid (UA) is the end-product in the human purine metabolism pathway. The UA that accumulates in silkworm tissues is excreted as a nitrogen waste product. Here, we first validated that Bombyx mori has a homolog of the human gene that encodes the 5′-nucleotidase (5′N) involved in purine metabolism. The B. mori gene, Bm5′N, is located upstream of other genes involved in UA metabolism in the silkworm. Disruption of Bm5′N via the CRISPR/Cas9 system resulted in decreased UA levels in the silkworm epidermis and caused a translucent skin phenotype. When Bm5′N mutant silkworms were fed with the uric acid precursor inosine, the UA levels in the epidermis increased significantly. Furthermore, the metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of Bm5′N mutants indicated that loss of the Bm5′N affected purine metabolism and the ABC transport pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that the UA pathway is conserved between the silkworm and humans and that the Bm5′N gene plays a crucial role in the uric acid metabolism of the silkworm. Thus, the silkworm may be a suitable model for the study of UA metabolism pathways relevant to human disease.

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Section: Loss Function Of Bm5 N Results In Translucency Of the Larval Integumentsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The natural mutant op exhibited translucent larval integument, mortality, and male infertility [ 46 ]. The Bm5 ′N gene is responsible for the op locus [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

5′-Nucleotidase Plays a Key Role in Uric Acid Metabolism of Bombyx mori

Tang

Yang

Wang

et al. 2021

Cells

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“…In conclusion, I showed that the uric acid metabolic pathway is an important hub for the integration of various environmental signals that affect larval responses to diet and intraspecific competition levels. The purine metabolism—to which the uric acid metabolism belongs—is a cornerstone biochemical pathway for larval metamorphosis and growth 77 , 78 as well as the relationship between insects and its symbionts. 79 Thus, demonstrating the functional role of the uric acid metabolism on larval responses to conditions in the developmental environments provides an important step change toward an integrated eco-physiological understanding of insect development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uric acid metabolism modulates diet-dependent responses to intraspecific competition in Drosophila larvae

Morimoto¹

2022

iScience

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“…Purine metabolism is a necessary response to oxidative stress, and the dysfunction and imbalance of this pathway could cause damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) that lead to tremendous defects in physiological and pathological phenotypes [ 65 , 66 ]. For example, the inhibition of purine metabolism by knockout of the critical pathway genes could result in defects in the larval integument and male infertility of B. mori [ 67 ]. Additionally, many studies have shown that the exposure of insects to sublethal concentrations of insecticides could cause various physiological changes, such as adverse effects on insect development, growth, body weight, metamorphosis, and fecundity [ 35 , 68 , 69 , 70 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome Analysis to Identify Responsive Genes under Sublethal Concentration of Bifenazate in the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

Hou¹,

Zhang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Bifenazate is a novel acaricide that has been widely used to control spider mites. Interestingly, we found bifenazate had a biological activity against the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), one of the most economically important pests on crucifer crops around the world. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the response of P. xylostella to bifenazate treatment are not clear. In this study, we first estimated the LC30 dose of bifenazate for third-instar P. xylostella larvae. Then, in order to identify genes that respond to the treatment of this insecticide, the comparative transcriptome profiles were used to analyze the gene expression changes in P. xylostella larvae after exposure to LC30 of bifenazate. In total, 757 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between bifenazate-treated and control P. xylostella larvae were identified, in which 526 and 231 genes were up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively. The further Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the xenobiotics metabolisms pathway was significantly enriched, with ten detoxifying enzyme genes (four P450s, five glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), and one UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)) were up-regulated, and their expression patterns were validated by qRT-PCR as well. Interestingly, the present results showed that 17 cuticular protein (CP) genes were also remarkably up-regulated, including 15 CPR family genes. Additionally, the oxidative phosphorylation pathway was found to be activated with eight mitochondrial genes up-regulated in bifenazate-treated larvae. In contrast, we found some genes that were involved in tyrosine metabolism and purine pathways were down-regulated, indicating these two pathways of bifenazate-exposed larvae were significantly inhibited. In conclusion, the present study would help us to better understand the molecular mechanisms of sublethal doses of bifenazate detoxification and action in P. xylostella.

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A defect in purine nucleotide metabolism in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, causes a translucent larval integument and male infertility

Cited by 16 publications

References 39 publications

5′-Nucleotidase Plays a Key Role in Uric Acid Metabolism of Bombyx mori

5′-Nucleotidase Plays a Key Role in Uric Acid Metabolism of Bombyx mori

Uric acid metabolism modulates diet-dependent responses to intraspecific competition in Drosophila larvae

Transcriptome Analysis to Identify Responsive Genes under Sublethal Concentration of Bifenazate in the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

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