A “dendrite-eating” separator for high-areal-capacity lithium-metal batteries

Xiao, Chen; Zhang, Renyuan; Zhao, Ruirui; Qi, Xiaoqun; Li, Kejia; Sun, Quan; Ma, Mingyuan; Qie, Long; Huang, Yunhui

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2020.06.037

Cited by 85 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Additionally, the inorganic SiO microparticles will provide mechanical reinforcement and dendrite absorbing capability for the composite separator to stop the growth of accidental Li dendrite. [6,64]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Robust, Lithiophilic, and Flexible Inorganic‐Polymer Protective Layer by Separator Engineering Enables Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Batteries with LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ Cathode

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As a promising candidate for the high energy density cells, the practical application of lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) is still extremely hindered by the uncontrolled growth of lithium (Li) dendrites. Herein, a facile strategy is developed that enables dendrite-free Li deposition by coating highlylithiophilic amorphous SiO microparticles combined with high-binding polyacrylate acid (SiO@PAA) on polyethylene separators. A lithiated SiO and PAA (lithiated-SiO/PAA) protective layer with synergistic flexible and robust features is formed on the Li metal anode via the in situ reaction to offer outstanding interfacial stability during long-term cycles. By suppressing the formation of dead Li and random Li deposition, reducing the side reaction, and buffering the volume changes during the lithium deposition and dissolution, such a protective layer realizes a dendrite-free morphology of Li metal anode. Furthermore, sufficient ionic conductivity, uniform lithiumion flux, and interface adaptability is guaranteed by the lithiated-SiO and Li polyacrylate acid. As a result, Li metal anodes display significantly enhanced cycling stability and coulombic efficiency in Li||Li and Cu||Li cells. When the composite separator is applied in a full cell with a carbonate-based electrolyte and LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 cathode, it exhibits three times longer lifespan than control cell at current density of 5 C. dominate the major energy-storage markets over the past decades. Unfortunately, the highest energy density that the conventional LIBs can output is far from the demands of emerging high-energy applications, such as long-range electric vehicles and autonomous aircrafts. [1-4] Accordingly, lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are deemed to be a promising candidate for the nextgeneration batteries on account of the excellent advantages of Lithium (Li) metal anode accompanied with the highest theoretical specific capacity (3860 mAh g −1) and the lowest redox potential (−3.04 V versus the standard hydrogen electrode). [5,6] However, the practical application of Li metal anodes has been greatly limited, mainly because of the uncontrolled growth of Li dendrites in the charge/discharge process, bring about capacity fade and even serious security issues. [7,8] During cell operation, the objective micro-roughness of Li electrode surfaces causes an inhomogeneous distribution of Li ions flux and followed by the formation of Li dendrite. The resulting Li dendrite gradually growth during plating/stripping processes, tends to impale the separator leading to an internal short-circuit sometimes with fire or explosion. [9] The dendritic Li easily snaps off and generates the inactive Li so-called "dead Li", also leads to capacity attenuation of the batteries. [10] Moreover, Li metal can react spontaneously with any liquid electrolyte, which results in a heterogeneous and fragile solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer instantly forming on the surface of Li metal anode. [11] Unfortunately, during Li plating, the brittle SEI is easily destroyed by stress...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Robust, Lithiophilic, and Flexible Inorganic‐Polymer Protective Layer by Separator Engineering Enables Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Batteries with LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ Cathode

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Sun

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“…More interestingly, Huang's group designed a "dendrite-eating" strategy to enable high-areal-capacity lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) by introducing silicon (Si) coating onto the polypropylene (PP) separator. [180] When the Si layer www.advancedsciencenews.com was used in LMBs, a chemical reaction between Si and lithium dendrites could be used to avoid a short circuit of the battery. This reaction also resulted in the formation of silicate-rich SEI on the lithium surface.…”

Section: Ameliorate Strategies For Nonaqueous Aprotic Electrolyte Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal–CO₂ Electrochemistry: From CO₂ Recycling to Energy Storage

Wang

Xia

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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Nevertheless, these electrochemical systems usually show unsatisfactory energy conversion efficiency, on account of the thermodynamic stable CO bond in CO 2 molecule (≈806 kJ mol −1 ), endothermic reaction with a high barrier, and multielectron/proton transfer control on the catalyst surface. [13] In this regard, direct CO 2 electrochemical reduction is conducive to capture CO 2 , reduce CO 2 accumulation, boost reaction kinetics, and enhance energy conversion efficiency synchronously. Among all explored systems for CO 2 electrochemical reduction, metal-CO 2 batteries have become a new hotspot because of the independence of real-time electricity input to drive CO 2 conversion [14] and the high energy density of whole cell. Although the research state of these techniques is quite primary, the unique features of fixating CO 2 gas and reserving energy underpin these techniques to alleviate energy issues and climate crises simultaneously. The metal-CO 2 batteries are similar to the electrochemical CO 2 reduction technology in achieving the CO 2 cycle; however, they have the advantage of allowing intermittent electricity input. Furthermore, metal-CO 2 batteries show promising prospects in the future [15] by conversing excessive CO 2 into value-added chemicals, storing surplus electricity from other power supply systems (e.g., fossil fuels, nuclear, and renewable power), and balancing the energy storage and carbon cycle.The origin of metal-CO 2 batteries is based on the addition of CO 2 in Li/Na-O 2 batteries to promote the discharge capacity and energy density. The first article of the primary Li-CO 2 battery with pure CO 2 supply with a nonaqueous electrolyte at moderate temperatures was reported in 2013. [16] Since then, diverse rechargeable metal-CO 2 batteries used various metals anode was constructed and systematically analyzed in the past few years [17] As such, with the introduction of carbon-based materials and metal-based materials, such as graphite, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and precious metals, as catalysts for the reaction, the performance of metal-CO 2 batteries have been significantly improved, showing great potential in the area of efficient energy storage and electricity supply. [18][19][20][21] After that, the first rechargeable aqueous Zn-CO 2 battery was reported, which can realize the reversible conversion between CO 2 and liquid HCOOH and verified with the application prospects of metal-CO 2 batteries in the production of highly selective carbon-containing compounds. [22] Metal-CO 2 batteries are among the most intriguing techniques for addressing the severe climate crisis and have matured significantly to simultaneously realize adequate fixation of CO 2 , energy storage, and conversion. Although significant efforts have been made, the practical application of metal-CO 2 battery techniques is still restricted by various tremendous challenges, namely high charge potential, poor rate capability, and reversibility. This review seeks to present a realistic assessment of the most advanced metal-CO 2 sy...

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“…In addition, it is an efficient and straightforward strategy to control the morphology and growing orientation of Li dendrite. Typically, the coating materials to functionalize the surface of polymer separators can be classified into five or six types: (a) thermally conductive materials [ 63 , 64 , 69 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 ], (b) metals [ 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 ], (c) polymers [ 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 ], (d) carbons [ 66 , 109 , 110 , 111 ], (e) metal oxides [ 67 , 88 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 ], and (f) others [ 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 ] ( Figure 3 ). For electrochemical evaluation, each separator coating material is laminated onto one side or both sides of the polymer separator, using the tape-casting method, physical vapor deposition, etc.…”

Section: Approaches To Modify the Surface Of Conventional Polymer Separators For Lmbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrochemical results directly corroborated that the lithiophilic Mg layer is able to improve the polarization and cycle stability of the cells having a Li metal anode. Huang et al demonstrated a “dendrite-eating” separator by coating a Si layer over the PP separator ( Figure 7 b) [ 102 ]. The main role of the Si layer is to stabilize Li deposition and reduce the loss of available Li during the repetitive electrochemical reaction.…”

Section: Approaches To Modify the Surface Of Conventional Polymer Separators For Lmbsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Thermally conductive materials: 1.1 AlN (Reproduced with permission from [ 63 ], Copyright 2019 American Chemical Society), 1.2 BN&C (Reproduced with permission from [ 64 ], Copyright 2017 Springer Nature), 1.3 BN (Reproduced with permission from [ 69 ], Copyright 2015 American Chemical Society), 1.4 BN/Graphene (Reproduced with permission from [ 97 ], Copyright 2020 Elsevier). Metals: 2.1 Cu (Reproduced with permission from [ 99 ], Copyright 2017 WILEY-VCH), 2.2 Mg (Reproduced with permission from [ 101 ], Copyright 2018 Elsevier), 2.3 Si (Reproduced with permission from [ 102 ], Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V.), 2.4 Nb (Reproduced with permission from [ 100 ], Copyright 2019 Springer Nature). Polymers: 3.1 Polyimide (Reproduced with permission from [ 103 ], Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society), 3.2 PEI(PAA/PEO) 3 (Reproduced with permission from [ 107 ], Copyright 2018 American Chemical Society), 3.3 Polydopamine (Reproduced with permission from [ 104 ], Copyright 2012 WILEY-VCH), 3.4 PDA/POSS (Reproduced with permission from [ 106 ], Copyright 2017 Elsevier), 3.5 CN (Reproduced with permission from [ 108 ], Copyright 2020 American Chemical Society).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface-Functionalized Separator for Stable and Reliable Lithium Metal Batteries: A Review

Kim

2021

Nanomaterials

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Metallic Li has caught the attention of researchers studying future anodes for next-generation batteries, owing to its attractive properties: high theoretical capacity, highly negative standard potential, and very low density. However, inevitable issues, such as inhomogeneous Li deposition/dissolution and poor Coulombic efficiency, hinder the pragmatic use of Li anodes for commercial rechargeable batteries. As one of viable strategies, the surface functionalization of polymer separators has recently drawn significant attention from industries and academics to tackle the inherent issues of metallic Li anodes. In this article, separator-coating materials are classified into five or six categories to give a general guideline for fabricating functional separators compatible with post-lithium-ion batteries. The overall research trends and outlook for surface-functionalized separators are reviewed.

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A “dendrite-eating” separator for high-areal-capacity lithium-metal batteries

Cited by 85 publications

References 34 publications

Design of Robust, Lithiophilic, and Flexible Inorganic‐Polymer Protective Layer by Separator Engineering Enables Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Batteries with LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ Cathode

Design of Robust, Lithiophilic, and Flexible Inorganic‐Polymer Protective Layer by Separator Engineering Enables Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Batteries with LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ Cathode

Metal–CO₂ Electrochemistry: From CO₂ Recycling to Energy Storage

Surface-Functionalized Separator for Stable and Reliable Lithium Metal Batteries: A Review

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A “dendrite-eating” separator for high-areal-capacity lithium-metal batteries

Cited by 85 publications

References 34 publications

Design of Robust, Lithiophilic, and Flexible Inorganic‐Polymer Protective Layer by Separator Engineering Enables Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Batteries with LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 Cathode

Design of Robust, Lithiophilic, and Flexible Inorganic‐Polymer Protective Layer by Separator Engineering Enables Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Batteries with LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 Cathode

Metal–CO2 Electrochemistry: From CO2 Recycling to Energy Storage

Surface-Functionalized Separator for Stable and Reliable Lithium Metal Batteries: A Review

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Design of Robust, Lithiophilic, and Flexible Inorganic‐Polymer Protective Layer by Separator Engineering Enables Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Batteries with LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ Cathode

Design of Robust, Lithiophilic, and Flexible Inorganic‐Polymer Protective Layer by Separator Engineering Enables Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Batteries with LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ Cathode

Metal–CO₂ Electrochemistry: From CO₂ Recycling to Energy Storage