A Different Cosmology—Thoughts from Outside the Box

Abstract

In this paper, we present a new cosmology based on the idea of a universe dominated by vacuum energy with time-varying curvature. In this model, the universe began with an exponential Plank era inflation before transitioning to a spacetime described by Einstein's equations. While no explicit model of the Plank era is yet known, we do establish a number of properties that the vacuum of that time must have exhibited. In particular, we show that structures came into existence during that inflation that were later responsible for all cosmic structures. A new solution of Einstein's equations incorporating time-varying curvature is presented which predicts that the scaling was initially power law with a parameter of 1 2 γ = before transitioning to an exponential acceleration of the present-day scaling. A formula relating the curvature to the vacuum energy density is also a part of the solution. A non-conventional model of nucleosynthesis provides a solution for the matter/antimatter asymmetry problem and a non-standard origin of the CMB. The CMB power spectrum is shown to be a consequence of uncertainties embedded during the initial inflation and the existence of superclusters. Using Einstein's equations, we show that so-called dark matter is, in fact, vacuum energy. A number of other issues are discussed.

The Lithium Problem—The Excess Isn’t Missing; It Was Never There

“…The general viewpoint has been that the calculated value is correct and that some unknown process has removed the excess Lithium subsequent to nucleosynthesis. What we incidentally discovered during the development of a comprehensive new model of cosmology [1] is that it is the calculated value that is wrong and the reason for this is that several known Lithium reactions are not included in the standard BBN software package [2]. Because this discovery is buried within a discussion concerning cosmology, we thought that it would be useful to present this result on its own for the benefit of researchers concerned with the problem.…”

“…Because this discovery is buried within a discussion concerning cosmology, we thought that it would be useful to present this result on its own for the benefit of researchers concerned with the problem. The model, the method used to calculate the nucleosynthesis reaction rates, and the references for the reaction data are presented in [1] so please refer to that paper for the details. Note that in the new model, the temperature at the time that nucleosynthesis proper began is lower than the corresponding temperature assumed in the standard model.…”

“…During the development of our new model of cosmology, we ran a number of simulations with different initial particle densities and these are shown in [1]. A single example will be sufficient for our purpose and for this, we chose to show the results corresponding to a present-day particle density of ( ) In Figure 1, we show the results obtained using just the reactions included in the BBN simulation model and in Figure 2, the results obtained with all the reactions included.…”

Gravitational Waves in a Universe with Time-Varying Curvature

“…Unlike the standard model formulation which is based on a flat space metric, we are starting with the non-trivial background metric from [1], (…”

“…In a recent paper [1], we proposed a new model of cosmology based on the idea that vacuum has content and serves as its own source. One consequence is that the curvature of spacetime must vary with time and these together require that the present-day scaling of the universe must be expanding exponentially.…”