A Dilute Spray Model for Fire Simulations: Formulation, Usage and Benchmark Problems

DesJardin, Paul E.; Gritzo, Louis A.

doi:10.2172/807053

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Upwinding and centered schemes that approach second-order spatial accuracy are used for the convective and diffusion terms, respectively, for solving the transport differential equations. The water spray model is based on a Lagrangian stochastic separated flow approach [24,25]. The concept of a 'group parcel' representing collection of droplets of similar sizes is adopted to reduce computational cost.…”

Section: Two Phase Flow Fire Suppression Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments and Modeling of Large-scale Benchmark Enclosure Fire Suppression

Yoon

Figueroa

Brown

et al. 2009

Journal of Fire Sciences

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This article presents a series of experiments on benchmark fire suppression. The experiments were performed in a controlled environment, utilizing a cylindrical object or calorimeter centered above a 2 m diameter pan filled with kerosene-based hydrocarbon fuel, JP8. The experimental setup and procedure for gathering data on water suppression performance are presented. The characteristics of the nozzles used in the experiments are presented as well. The experimental results provide the boundary condition and temporal data necessary for validation of the fire suppression models used. The article also includes simulation results on the fire suppression experimental tests. The suppression simulations were carried out using a numerical model based on a Temporally Filtered Navier-Stokes (TFNS) formulation coupled with a Lagrangian model for droplets, which includes detailed descriptions of the interaction between the water droplets and the fire plume. The results from both experiments and simulations suggest that the criterion for complete suppression depends on a combination of factors including the mass flow rate (or nozzle diameter), nozzle operating pressure, and calorimeter presence. A critical regime which distinguished the regions of suppression and no-suppression in the domain of the mass flow rate versus operating pressure is found.

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Section: Two Phase Flow Fire Suppression Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiments and Modeling of Large-scale Benchmark Enclosure Fire Suppression

Yoon

Figueroa

Brown

et al. 2009

Journal of Fire Sciences

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“…Further details regarding the implementation of the Lagrangian model are provided in DesJardin and Gritzo. [20] Equilibrium Particle Methodology From Eqs. (1) and (2) above, one can estimate the relaxation times for particle velocity and temperature, that is, time over which particle velocities and temperatures change significantly, to be…”

Section: Stochastic Separated Flow Conservation Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Modeling Investigation of Suppressant Distribution from a Prototype Solid-Propellant Gas-Generator Suppression System into a Simulated Aircraft Cargo Bay

et al. 2007

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One new technology for fire suppressant distribution in totalflooding applications is the solid-propellant gas-generator (SPGG) technology. This article presents experimental and modeling studies of one such prototype system in order to better understand observations in the testing of this system. This particular SPGG system generates fine particles that act to suppress any fire in conjunction with inert gases also generated in the SPGG system. Initial conditions for the simulations are obtained from the available measurements of the prototype system. The modeling provides key information related to the distribution of the particles and their potential effectiveness as a fire suppressant. The primary variable in the SPGG design as identified in the initial measurements, also presented here, was the particle size, with typical particle sizes being measured at 2 and 15 mm. The key modeling result is that there is a tradeoff between the most uniform distribution of particles and the available surface-to-volume ratio for chemical suppression. Information is also provided regarding the thermal dissipation from the SPGG system.

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“…Numerical simulations are conducted using SandiaÕs fire field modeling code VULCAN, which has been extended to handle the dilute multiphase flow physics found in evaporating and reacting sprays (DesJardin and Gritzo, 2002;Yoon et al, 2004). The spray model is coupled with the Navier-Stokes solver, based on a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) formulation employing a standard k-e turbulence closure model (Jones and Launder, 1972).…”

Section: Modeling Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%