A distinct anatomical network of cortical areas for analysis of motion in far peripheral vision

Palmer, Susan; Rosa, Marcello G. P.

doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2006.05113.x

Cited by 123 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(158 reference statements)

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“…In the visual system, density and laminar profile of the connections between visual areas also differ depending on whether they involve the representation of the central or peripheral visual field (Shipp and Zeki, 1989;Kaas and Morel, 1993;Schall et al 1995;Galletti et al 2001;Palmer and Rosa, 2006). Our connectivity data show that heteromodal connections are also specific to the sensory representation.…”

Section: Specificity Of Heteromodal Connections: Ethological Rolementioning

confidence: 72%

Multisensory anatomical pathways

2009

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In order to interact with the multisensory world that surrounds us, we must integrate various sources of sensory information (vision, hearing, touch. . .). A fundamental question is thus how the brain integrates the separate elements of an object defined by several sensory components to form a unified percept. The superior colliculus was the main model for studying multisensory integration. At the cortical level, until recently, multisensory integration appeared to be a characteristic attributed to high-level association regions. First, we describe recently observed direct cortico-cortical connections between different sensory cortical areas in the non-human primate and discuss the potential role of these connections. Then, we show that the projections between different sensory and motor cortical areas and the thalamus enabled us to highlight the existence of thalamic nuclei that, by their connections, may represent an alternative pathway for information transfer between different sensory and/or motor cortical areas. The thalamus is in position to allow a faster transfer and even an integration of information across modalities. Finally, we discuss the role of these non-specific connections regarding behavioral evidence in the monkey and recent electrophysiological evidence in the primary cortical sensory areas.

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Section: Specificity Of Heteromodal Connections: Ethological Rolementioning

confidence: 72%

Multisensory anatomical pathways

2009

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“…Area prostriata was clearly differentiated from the adjacent areas V1 and V2 by its low density of parvalbumin-positive cells across layers and, especially in the supragranular layers, by its characteristic appearance in Nissl-stained sections (accentuated layer II, incipient layer IV, lightly stained layer VI, poorly defined border between V and VI) and by its previously described topographical location (Morecraft et al 2000;Rockland and Ojima 2003). In addition, area prostriata was more lightly myelinated than area V2 and nearby area 23 (Palmer and Rosa 2006). Area prostriata spans~4 mm in the calcarine sulcus.…”

Section: Tracer Injectionsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…For example, peripheral but not central representations of areas V1 and V2 are connected with numerous dorsal visual stream areas in temporal and parietal cortex (Colby et al 1988;Gattass et al 1990;Nakamura et al 1993;Gattass et al 1997;Ungerleider et al 2008). Area prostriata is reported to have visual function (Sousa et al 1991;Rosa et al 1997) and appears to preferentially connect with the peripheral representation of areas V1, V2, and MT (Palmer and Rosa 2006). Its projections to peripheral MT suggest an involvement in motion processing in visual periphery.…”

Section: Visual Field Eccentricity and Multimodal Connectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Area V2 on the dorsal bank represents the lower visual quadrant (Van Essen et al 1984, 1986); area V2 at the very anterior part of calcarine sulcus represents the peripheral visual field, beyond 30°of eccentricity, possibly restricted to the monocular field (Van Essen et al 1984, 1986Gattass et al 1997). The organization of area prostriata is less documented, but it is known to be highly connected with the peripheral visual representation of areas V1, V2, and middle temporal visual area (MT) and thus is probably involved in dorsal visual stream processing (Gattass et al 1997;Palmer and Rosa 2006). Area prostriata was identified by histological criteria as well as its previously described topography (see Materials and Methods section).…”

Section: Group 1: A1 and Medial Beltmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Projection from Visual Areas V2 and Prostriata to Caudal Auditory Cortex in the Monkey

et al. 2009

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Studies in humans and monkeys report widespread multisensory interactions at or near primary visual and auditory areas of neocortex. The range and scale of these effects has prompted increased interest in interconnectivity between the putatively ''unisensory'' cortices at lower hierarchical levels. Recent anatomical tract-tracing studies have revealed direct projections from auditory cortex to primary visual area (V1) and secondary visual area (V2) that could serve as a substrate for auditory influences over low-level visual processing. To better understand the significance of these connections, we looked for reciprocal projections from visual cortex to caudal auditory cortical areas in macaque monkeys. We found direct projections from area prostriata and the peripheral visual representations of area V2. Projections were more abundant after injections of temporoparietal area and caudal parabelt than after injections of caudal medial belt and the contiguous areas near the fundus of the lateral sulcus. Only one injection was confined to primary auditory cortex (area A1) and did not demonstrate visual connections. The projections from visual areas originated mainly from infragranular layers, suggestive of a ''feedback''-type projection. The selective localization of these connections to peripheral visual areas and caudal auditory cortex suggests that they are involved in spatial localization.

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“…Medially, a marked drop in myelin content marks the boundary of DM with the medial subdivision of cytoarchitectural area 19 (field 19m) (Fig. 3, top) [see also Palmer and Rosa (2006b)]. Finally, the cortex lateral and anterior to DM is relatively densely myelinated, but shows inner and outer bands of Baillarger that are more clearly separated from each other, and from the white matter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connections of the Dorsomedial Visual Area: Pathways for Early Integration of Dorsal and Ventral Streams in Extrastriate Cortex

Palmer²,

et al. 2009

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The dorsomedial area (DM), a subdivision of extrastriate cortex characterized by heavy myelination and relative emphasis on peripheral vision, remains the least understood of the main targets of striate cortex (V1) projections in primates. Here we placed retrograde tracer injections encompassing the full extent of this area in marmoset monkeys, and performed quantitative analyses of the numerical strengths and laminar patterns of its afferent connections. We found that feedforward projections from V1 and from the second visual area (V2) account for over half of the inputs to DM, and that the vast majority of the remaining connections come from other topographically organized visual cortices. Extrastriate projections to DM originate in approximately equal proportions from adjacent medial occipitoparietal areas, from the superior temporal motion-sensitive complex centered on the middle temporal area (MT), and from ventral stream-associated areas. Feedback from the posterior parietal cortex and other association areas accounts for Ͻ10% of the connections. These results do not support the hypothesis that DM is specifically associated with a medial subcircuit of the dorsal stream, important for visuomotor integration. Instead, they suggest an early-stage visual-processing node capable of contributing across cortical streams, much as V1 and V2 do. Thus, although DM may be important for providing visual inputs for guided body movements (which often depend on information contained in peripheral vision), this area is also likely to participate in other functions that require integration across wide expanses of visual space, such as perception of self-motion and contour completion.

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A distinct anatomical network of cortical areas for analysis of motion in far peripheral vision

Cited by 123 publications

References 94 publications

Multisensory anatomical pathways

Multisensory anatomical pathways

Projection from Visual Areas V2 and Prostriata to Caudal Auditory Cortex in the Monkey

Connections of the Dorsomedial Visual Area: Pathways for Early Integration of Dorsal and Ventral Streams in Extrastriate Cortex

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