EDITORIAL Report on the first workshop on negative and null results in eScience 1. INTRODUCTION New techniques and technologies, such as the use of large-scale computing, influence research approaches, methods, and scales and are rapidly changing the scientific landscape. Research projects in eScience thus start with many assumptions and many unknowns and are often complex. While the scientific process is sometimes viewed, at least in hindsight, as a linear progression from one good idea to the next, it is in fact fraught with false starts, wrong assumptions, and dead ends. The increasing reliance on computation adds to the scope of problems that occur. Researchers invest a significant amount of time and effort in their research. Funding agencies similarly make large investments to support such research, on the assumption that most of the research will be successful. When the research assumptions and hypotheses turn out to be false, causing results that are "negative" or "null", the natural bias is to judge that the research project "failed." The history of science, however, shows that negative results may be an opportunity to revolutionize a field of study. For example, Fleming noticed that his flu cultures were contaminated by mold, but that there was infection around that mold, leading to his discovery of Penicillin. Similarly, a project today may fail because of the misuse or failure of computational support. Such "failures" actually indicate that there is an opportunity for the cyberinfrastructure research community to improve computing resources and tools. The interaction of these modes of failure is multi-faceted. Negative results have been difficult to find in published papers in all scientific domains. We identify three reasons for this. First, negative results may not be identified as such but simply considered mistakes. Such cases may never be investigated further. Secondly, paper referees may demand a higher standard from such results, because they are more difficult to understand or challenge the conventional narrative. Third, researchers may self-select against publishing such results in light of the previous point. Our experience with and observations of numerous projects in the area of eScience inspired us to create a workshop as a forum to initiate the discussion of negative and null results in the context of eScience (Section 4). Our effort attempts to systematically approach problems voiced in the popular media [1, 2] about the importance of negative results. This paper encapsulates the topics presented and lessons learned at this workshop, including efforts to: (1) Examine the topics surrounding the notion of negative and null results. Classify and propose a taxonomy of negative and null results in eScience. (2) Understand the causes of negative results. Discuss the activities and actions undertaken in order to mitigate the effects of negative results. (3) Challenge confirmation bias and the prejudice against negative results. Consider how to present negative results to the scientific communi...