A drowning fetus sends a distress signal, which is an indication for a Caesarean section

Urakov, Aleksandr; Уракова, Н. А.

doi:10.18231/j.ijogr.2020.100

IJOGR

2020

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijogr.2020.100

|View full text |Cite

A drowning fetus sends a distress signal, which is an indication for a Caesarean section

Aleksandr Urakov¹,

Н. А. Уракова²

Abstract: The review is devoted to the prevention of neonatal asphyxia by assessing the reserves of adaptation of the fetus to intrauterine hypoxia in the second half of pregnancy and then choosing a safe type of delivery. The history of development of a new functional test that provides a non-invasive assessment of fetal adaptation reserves to intrauterine hypoxia using sonography is shown. It is proposed to use ultrasound to determine the duration from the beginning of apnea in a pregnant woman to the appearance of a … Show more

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...

Citation Types

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Year Published

2022

2024

Publication Types

Select...

Article4

Relationship

Self Cite0

Independent4

Authors

Journals

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In recent years, the use of the obstetrical Stange test has been proposed for the timely use of Caesarean section [13]. This obstetric innovation is based on the possibility of timely assessment of fetal resistance to intrauterine hypoxia by the duration of fetal immobility period during voluntary maternal apnea [14,15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resuscitative role of Caesarean section is the urgent removal of the fetus from the amniotic fluid, in which it "drowns" inside the uterine cavity during intrauterine hypoxia [15]. It is not a secret that in such "underwater" position a fetus cannot stay alive without oxygen for a long time: it sinks in amniotic fluid, and its airways fill up with this water as a normal drowned person.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fetal Hypoxia: Why Intrauterine Ventilation of Lungs Seems Like a Bad Idea Today

Urakov¹,

Уракова²,

Stolyarenko³

2022

Act Sci wom hea

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Hypoxia: Why Intrauterine Ventilation of Lungs Seems Like a Bad Idea Today

Urakov¹,

Уракова²,

Stolyarenko³

2022

Act Sci wom hea

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Assessment of fetal resistance to hypoxia using the Stange test as an adjunct to Apgar scale assessment of neonatal health status

Shabanov,

Urakov,

Urakova

2023

Medical academic journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It has been established that the cause of biological death of fetuses in stillbirths and the cause of neonatal encephalopathies in live births is hypoxic brain cell damage in fetuses. Timely cesarean section remains the most effective way to preserve fetal life and health in the face of lethal intrauterine hypoxia. However, there is no universally recognized methodology for assessing fetal adaptation reserves to hypoxia and no methodology for selecting the type of delivery in order to perform a timely cesarean section if necessary. The Apgar score, which has been used since 1952, allows assessment of neonatal health at 1 and 5 minutes after birth, but this assessment is made without taking into account the health of the fetus before delivery. In recent years, it has been established that the outcome of fetal hypoxia is determined not only by its duration, but also by the amount of adaptive reserves available in the fetus to hypoxia. It was found that the duration of fetal immobility during apnea of a pregnant woman is an indicator of fetal resistance to hypoxia. In 2011, a method of assessing fetal resistance to intrauterine hypoxia based on the Stange test was developed in Russia. It has been found that the maximum duration of fetal immobility during maternal apnea is normally more than 30 seconds, while in the presence of fetal signs of fetoplacental insufficiency it does not reach 30 seconds, and in the presence of signs of severe fetoplacental insufficiency it does not reach 10 seconds. Therefore, it was proposed to consider good fetal resistance to hypoxia as an indication for vaginal delivery, and poor fetal resistance to hypoxia as an indication for cesarean section. A technique for assessing fetal resistance to hypoxia is described that has been developed for independent use by every pregnant woman. It is shown that it is sufficient for her to have a stopwatch and to be able to record the maximum period of fetal immobility during voluntary apnea. It is hoped that a measure of fetal resistance to hypoxia could be a meaningful complement to the Apgar score of neonatal health. It is envisioned that the use of a modified Stange test could help physicians prevent stillbirths and neonatal encephalopathies.

show abstract

Hypoxic irreversible brain cells damage, associated risk factors and antihypoxants

Urakov,

Urakova,

Shabanov

2024

Rev Clin Pharm Drug Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is reported that in the final stage of many diseases the immediate cause of biological death in humans and warm-blooded animals is hypoxic irreversible damage to brain cells. This explains the fact that to prevent biological death in all critical conditions without exception, inhalation with breathing gases containing oxygen has long been successfully used. This is also why oxygenation of the blood is considered one of the main conditions for preserving human life in all critical situations and forms the basis of emergency medical care in the intensive care unit. However, inhalation of oxygen gas and increasing blood oxygen saturation should be carried out as early as possible, and more precisely - before the onset of the stage of hypoxic irreversible damage in brain cells. The fact is that after the onset of irreversible damage brain cells die even in the presence of oxygen. In this connection, the mechanisms of adaptation of the organism to oxygen deficiency play a great role for longer preservation of brain cells viability and human life in conditions of hypoxemia. In order to increase resistance to hypoxemia, antihypoxants are traditionally used. But they can preserve the viability of brain cells not always, but only if they are introduced into the body before the onset of hypoxic irreversible damage to brain cells and in the case of unused reserves of adaptation to hypoxemia in the body. Risk factors of hypoxic irreversible damage of brain cells are indicated, among which excessively long duration of hypoxemia and hyperthermia are emphasized. It is shown that the most important circumstance for the development of hypoxic irreversible damage of brain cells is not so much the degree of hypoxemia as the degree of hypoxia of brain tissue and its duration, which exceeds the period of human resistance to hypoxia. It has been shown that human resistance to hypoxia can be assessed using the Stange test. It has been reported that fever and local cerebral hyperthermia decrease, and hibernation and local cerebral hypothermia increase, the resistance of brain cells to hypoxia. In this regard, recommendations not only to eliminate fever and local inflammatory processes in the head, but also recommendations to reduce brain temperature are highly appropriate to improve resistance to hypoxia. It is pointed out that among the methods of local therapeutic hypothermia, targeted temperature management is the most advanced. In addition, it is reported that in recent years a new group of promising antihypoxants - alkaline solutions of hydrogen peroxide - has been created. It is shown that hydrogen peroxide is able to decompose very quickly into water and oxygen gas under the action of catalase, which is found in all tissues. The peculiarities of using alkaline solutions of hydrogen peroxide as antihypoxants we all have to study in the future.

show abstract

scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact Info

customersupport@researchsolutions.com

10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614

Henderson, NV 89052, USA

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Blog Terms and Conditions API Terms Privacy Policy Contact Cookie Preferences Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

Made with 💙 for researchers

Part of the Research Solutions Family.

A drowning fetus sends a distress signal, which is an indication for a Caesarean section

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Fetal Hypoxia: Why Intrauterine Ventilation of Lungs Seems Like a Bad Idea Today

Fetal Hypoxia: Why Intrauterine Ventilation of Lungs Seems Like a Bad Idea Today

Assessment of fetal resistance to hypoxia using the Stange test as an adjunct to Apgar scale assessment of neonatal health status

Hypoxic irreversible brain cells damage, associated risk factors and antihypoxants

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About