Nanomaterials
that can mimic the activity of various enzymes have
been studied extensively in the biomedical field in recent years.
Nanozymes offer better stability and economic value in comparison
to natural enzymes. Additionally, nanozymes have characteristics of
nanomaterials, such as photothermal properties and designability,
and therefore have considerable potential. The cellular microenvironment
provides the basis for maintaining normal cell growth and function.
Increasing evidence shows that imbalances in the homeostasis of the
cellular microenvironment constitute a major factor in the development
of many diseases. Nanozymes have received considerable attention in
recent years as regulators of the cellular microenvironment. In this
Review, research on the use of nanozymes to remodel the disease microenvironment
is discussed. First, the definition, classification, and enzyme-like
activities of nanozymes are introduced; several major disease microenvironments
are summarized including tumor, inflammatory, and trauma microenvironments.
The role of nanozymes in disease microenvironments and the main strategies
for constructing intelligent and responsive nanozyme systems are discussed.
The specific applications of nanozymes in remodeling the diseased
microenvironment are highlighted. Finally, the therapeutic strategies
of nanozymes to remodel the disease microenvironment are summarized
and prospected. Nanozyme disease microenvironment remodeling is expected
to become a major therapeutic strategy or an adjunct for the prevention
and treatment of related diseases.