A dynamic voltage scaled microprocessor system

Burd, Tom; Pering, Trevor; Stratakos, A.; Brodersen, R.W.

doi:10.1109/isscc.2000.839787

Cited by 171 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Although cache optimization is a common focus of phase-based optimization techniques, other adaptable components benefit from phase-based optimization. For example, Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) [55] [83] [104] [10] [17] is commonly used to adapt the clock frequency/voltage to variable runtime execution needs. Other components/configurations that benefit from phase-based optimization include the issue queue [79,19], reorder buffer [1,35], pipeline [37,105], register files [1,35], etc.…”

Section: Hardware Resource Adaptabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Phase Classification Techniques for Characterizing Variable Application Behavior

Criswell

Adegbija

2020

IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.

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Adaptable computing is an increasingly important paradigm that specializes system resources to variable application requirements, environmental conditions, or user requirements. Adapting computing resources to variable application requirements (or application phases) is otherwise known as phase-based optimization. Phase-based optimization takes advantage of application phases, or execution intervals of an application that behave similarly, to enable effective and beneficial adaptability. In order for phase-based optimization to be effective, the phases must first be classified to determine when application phases begin and end, and ensure that system resources are accurately specialized. In this paper, we present a survey of phase classification techniques that have been proposed to exploit the advantages of adaptable computing through phase-based optimization. We focus on recent techniques, and classify these techniques with respect to several factors in order to highlight their similarities and differences. We divide the techniques by their major defining characteristics-online/offline and serial/parallel. In addition, we discuss other characteristics such as prediction and detection techniques, the characteristics used for prediction, interval type, etc. We also identify gaps in the state-of-the-art and discuss future research directions to enable and fully exploit the benefits of adaptable computing.

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Section: Hardware Resource Adaptabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of Phase Classification Techniques for Characterizing Variable Application Behavior

Criswell

Adegbija

2020

IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst.

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“…The basic idea is to run the CPU at a voltage and frequency that satisfies the current performance requirement. Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling is a very effective technique for reducing CPU energy [13] [14]. Significant energy benefits can be achieved by recognizing that peak performance is not always required and therefore the operating voltage and frequency of the processor can be dynamically adapted based on instantaneous processing requirement.…”

Section: Proposed Energy Efficient Scheduling Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Scheduling of Skippable Periodic Tasks With Energy Efficiency In Weakly Hard Real-Time System

Baskaran¹,

Thambidurai²

2010

IJCSIT

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“…1 This is because the digital control algorithms employed usually require high-fidelity estimates of system states. Hence, with the increasing demand on dynamic response and switching frequency of power converters, sampling hardware complexity increases dramatically [7]. In addition, for variable switching-frequency power converters, sampling measurements at a fixed-rate is susceptible to distortion in measurement quality due to unmodeled switching transients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correct-by-construction control synthesis for buck converters with event-triggered state measurement

Yang

Cui

Avestruz

et al. 2019

2019 American Control Conference (ACC)

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In this paper, we illustrate a new correct-byconstruction switching controller for a power converter with event-triggered measurements. The event-triggered measurement scheme is beneficial for high frequency power converters because it requires relatively low-speed sampling hardware and is immune to unmodeled switching transients. While providing guarantees on the closed-loop system behavior is crucial in this application, off-the-shelf abstraction-based techniques cannot be directly employed to synthesize a controller in this setting because controller cannot always get instantaneous access to the current state. As a result, the switching action has to be based on slightly out-of-date measurements. To tackle this challenge, we introduce the out-of-date measurement as an extra state variable and project out the inaccessible real state to construct a belief space abstraction. The properties preserved by this belief space abstraction are analyzed. Finally, an abstraction-based synthesis method is applied to this abstraction. We demonstrate the controller on a constant on-time buck voltage regulator plant with an event-triggered sampler. The simulation verifies the effectiveness of our controller.

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A dynamic voltage scaled microprocessor system

Cited by 171 publications

References 2 publications

A Survey of Phase Classification Techniques for Characterizing Variable Application Behavior

A Survey of Phase Classification Techniques for Characterizing Variable Application Behavior

Dynamic Scheduling of Skippable Periodic Tasks With Energy Efficiency In Weakly Hard Real-Time System

Correct-by-construction control synthesis for buck converters with event-triggered state measurement

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