A facile and general approach for the direct fabrication of N-rGO–metal(metal oxides)–Pt composites as electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reactions

Abstract

Nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide-metal(metal oxides) nanoparticle (N-rGO-M(MO) NPs, M ¼ Fe, MO: M ¼ Co, Mn) composites were prepared through a facile and general method at high temperature (800 C). M(MO) were well-dispersed and tightly anchored on graphene sheets, which were doped with nitrogen simultaneously and further loaded with Pt nanoparticles. Those results showed a more positive onset potential, higher cathodic density, and higher electron transfer number for the ORR in alkaline media. Furthermore, N-rGO-metal(metal oxides)-Pt (N-rGO-M(MO)-Pt) nanoparticles show better durability than the commercial Pt/C catalyst, and can be used as promising potential materials in practical applications.

Synthesis of Platinum Nanocrystals Dispersed on Nitrogen-Doped Hierarchically Porous Carbon with Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction Activity and Durability

“…Further, the agglomeration of Pt nanoparticles during high-temperature pyrolysis results in a dramatic reduction in the interparticle porosity and the number of active sites; this is detrimental to the ORR activity and durability of the catalyst [ 35 ]. Thus, to improve the performance of catalysts, novel carbon support materials are being developed [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ]. To develop a novel Pt catalyst on a carbon support with M-N-C bonding and high porosity, the intrinsic chemical properties of ion clusters embedded in a polymer matrix were explored using nanoscale phase separation with a carbon and metal blend, which was subjected to pyrolysis.…”

Uniformly dispersed platinum nanoparticles over nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide as an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction

“…The Pt NPs loaded on N-doped reduced graphene (Pt–N-rGO) were synthesized by a hydrothermal treatment and then carbonization at 900 °C under nitrogen atmosphere, 33 yielding the final sample Pt–N-rGO hybrids. As shown in Fig.…”

Ultrafine platinum nanoparticles supported on N,S-codoped porous carbon nanofibers as efficient multifunctional materials for noticeable oxygen reduction reaction and water splitting performance

“…[24][25][26][27][28][29] However, these catalysts require relatively large surface area, high electrical conductivity of carbon materials, and high loading density and uniform dispersion of platinum nanoparticles (NPs). To enhance the electrocatalytic activity and durability, carbon-supported materials can be doped by heteroatoms 30,31 such as nitrogen (N) or sulfur (S), which could effectively induce anchoring sites for the deposition of metal nanoparticles as well as afford more active sites [32][33][34][35] and electron mobility. [36][37][38] The electronic structure of Pt-based catalysts is modulated by the coordination of the nitrogen atoms doped on graphene sheets with the facial Pt atoms on the Pt NPs, 39 which can enhance the catalytic activity and durability.…”