A Facile Approach for the Preparation of Nano-size Zinc Oxide in Water/Glycerol with Extremely Concentrated Zinc Sources

Abstract

A facile process to prepare zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles from an aqueous zinc chloride (ZnCl2) solution and an aqueous hydroxide solution under a glycerol stabilizer at room temperature was developed. ZnCl2 aqueous solutions as concentrated as 65–80 wt% were used as the concentrated zinc source. The concentration of ZnCl2 solutions and the molar ratio of glycerol to Zn2+ had obvious effects on the sizes and shapes of the ZnO nanoparticles. The shape of ZnO nanoparticles changed from rods approximately 50–120 nm long and 30–70 nm in diameter to globular with diameters of approximately 20 nm with the increasing of the concentration of the ZnCl2 solution and the mole ratio of glycerol to Zn2+. Glycerol, as a stabilizer, played an important role in the formation of ZnO nanostructures at room temperature, even for a highly concentrated zinc source.

Optimized Synthesis of Biopolymer-Based Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Antibacterial Activity

“…Various researchers [37,[39][40][41][42] suggested that Zn salt and/or NaOH concentrations play a crucial role in the obtained size, texture, and optical properties of ZnO nanostructures. The UV-Vis absorbance peaks of ZnO NPs prepared at various Zn salt to NaOH molar ratio )MZn:MNaOH) from 1:1 to 1:4 are depicted in Fig.…”

Glycerol: An Optimal Hydrogen Source for Microwave-Promoted Cu-Catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of Nitrobenzene to Aniline

“…Furthermore, glycerol can act as a stabilizer of nanometric species, leading to the straightforward recycling of the catalytic phase (Chahdoura et al, 2014). The conventional and MW-assisted preparation of NPs in glycerol has already been described in the literature and this field of interest is continuously growing (Wang et al, 2018;Ghosh et al, 2019;Parveen et al, 2019;Vinodhini et al, 2019). CuNPs are an efficient source of Cu, but their potential applicability is restricted by copper's inherent instability under atmospheric conditions (Gawande et al, 2016).…”

Synthesis, Characterization, and Three-Dimensional Structure Generation of Zinc Oxide-Based Nanomedicine for Biomedical Applications

“…It can be used to visualize inorganic, organic, carbon-based, biological, and complex materials as spherical and equiaxial particles, tubes, flakes, rods, or fibers. The size, size distribution, crystalline structures, and aggregates of ZnO NPs have been analyzed using TEM [46,118,119]. The TEM technique is extensively used to determine the size, size distribution, and morphology of ZnO NPs based on the stabilizer (glycerol)-to-zinc source ratios during the synthesis [46,109].…”

“…The size, size distribution, crystalline structures, and aggregates of ZnO NPs have been analyzed using TEM [46,118,119]. The TEM technique is extensively used to determine the size, size distribution, and morphology of ZnO NPs based on the stabilizer (glycerol)-to-zinc source ratios during the synthesis [46,109]. Li et al [118] reported the layer-by-layer growth of ZnO nanopillar crystals using in situ, high-resolution TEM.…”

“…The following one-dimensional ZnO structures have been reported: nanocombs [36,37], nanorods [38,39], nanobelts [40,41], nanoneedles [42,43], and nanowires [44,45]. Nanoplates/nanosheets [46,47] and nanopellets [48] are two-dimensional structures, while nanoflowers [49] and snowflakes [50] are three-dimensional structures described in the literature. Moreover, ZnO NPs and aggregates can be built into three-dimensional network structures with hierarchical porosity [13,51].…”