High-capacity SnSe2 cathode materials combine
the advantages
of conversion and alloying reactions, showing great prospects in supercapacitors.
However, they have poor cycling performance and low electronic conductivity.
To effectively improve their electrochemical performance, a bimetallic
selenide heterostructure was constructed and a three-dimensional graphene
(3DG) carbon layer was encapsulated. 3DG increases the specific surface
areas of the material, stabilizes the internal structures, and promotes
the reaction kinetics. The obvious lattice distortions and mismatches
at the ZnSe–SnSe2 heterointerfaces generate a large
number of crystal defects and active sites for the adsorption/desorption
of OH– ions, which is beneficial for the insertion
and extraction of ions during the cycling processes and further enhances
the electronic conductivity of the electrode material. Benefiting
from these two strategies, 3DG/ZnSe–SnSe2 exhibits
a high specific capacity of 1515.2 F g–1 at 1 A
g–1 and maintains a capacity retention rate of 90.1%
after 3000 cycles at 5 A g–1. Furthermore, the asymmetric
supercapacitor 3DG/ZnSe–SnSe2//AC assembled with
activated carbon (AC) exhibits excellent electrochemical performance,
demonstrating an energy density of 25.3 Wh kg–1 at
750 W kg–1 and a remarkable capacity retention rate
of 91.3% after 20,000 cycles at 5 A g–1.