In order to directly observe the structure of enzyme intermediate complexes that form during turnover, one must ensure the homogeneous and complete accumulation of the intermediate during the collection of diffraction data. In the case of * Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed.:~:~ 1995 International Union of Crystallography Printed in Great Britain -all rights reserved steady-state Laue experiments, the accumulation of the intermediate is dictated by the rate of substrate diffusion throughout the crystal, compared with the rate of turnover and disappearance of a rate-limited catalytic intermediate. This paper describes a simple quantitative method for measuring substrate diffusion and binding within an enzyme crystal. The set-up consists of a light source, specific bandpass filters, a crystallographic flow cell, a syringe pump, a charge-coupleddevice color video camera and a workstation with a frame-
Journal of Applied Crystallography