A fast, single column high‐performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection method for the determination of saccharides in atmospheric aerosol samples

Abstract

Saccharides, especially anhydro sugars present in atmospheric aerosols, can be used as tracers to track sources of atmospheric aerosols. High-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection is a commonly used technique for determining these saccharides, but the reported methods suffer from three drawbacks. First, to achieve separation of the complete set of atmospheric saccharides, run times are very long, typically longer than 60 minutes. Second, some methods require two columns to achieve the desired separation. Finally, in an era when electrolytic eluent preparation allows for excellent precision and accuracy, these methods require manually prepared eluents, which can lead to separation inconsistency for closely eluting analytes. These drawbacks make existing methods difficult to automate. To address this issue, we developed a fast method that uses only a single column for separation and electrolytically generated eluent that resolves 12 key atmospheric aerosol saccharides in 20 minutes. The resolved saccharides include anhydro sugars (levoglucosan, galactosan, and mannosan), sugar alcohols (erythritol, xylitol, and mannitol), and mono-/disaccharides (arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose, fructose, and sucrose). To our knowledge, this report is the first instance of achieving such a significant reduction in run time with good resolution for this set of saccharides.

Multiple approaches to characterize and visualize the chemical composition of Sijunzi Decoction comprehensively

“…PAD is a powerful detector that has the advantages of a wide linear range and low LOD. For complex samples, the high resolution of HPAEC combined with the specificity of PAD was often used for the determination of carbohydrates [16]. After the separation of sugars by a high‐efficiency AEC column, an oxidation reaction occurred on the surface of the gold electrode of the amperometric detector, which caused the current to change and could be detected, avoiding the derivatization process.…”

Highly sensitive liquid chromatographic method combined with online ion suppression to remove interfering anions and mass spectrometry for impurity profiling of paromomycin sulfate

“…So, another detector type should be chosen to accurately quantify this drug using HPLC. Currently available possibilities include pulsed amperometric detection [6][7][8][9][10], pre-column derivatization [11], MS [12][13][14], charged aerosol detection (CAD), and ELSD [15][16][17]. HPLC-PAD is often used in the European Pharmacopoeia (Ph.…”

A low‐cost efficient online derivatization system for the determination of saccharides by high‐performance liquid chromatograph‐ultraviolet detector

“…However, the lack of ultraviolet (UV) absorption and fluorescence of saccharides poses great detection difficulties [17][18][19][20][21]. Thus, saccharides detection systems equipped with special detectors were developed such as refractive index detectors (RID) [22], evaporative light scattering detectors (ELSD) [23], amperometric detectors [24], and mass spectrometers [25]. However, these detectors and devices are more inaccessible compared to the commonly used HPLC-UV detectors, which further compounds the challenge of qualitative and quantitative analysis of saccharides.…”