A fatal case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the mandible

Abstract

A 34-year-old man presented with an expansile, erosive tumor involving the left side of the mandible, with secondary invasion into the maxilla, measuring 13 Χ 7 cm. Microscopic analysis revealed a malignant small round cell neoplasm with focal cartilaginous differentiation. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positivity for vimentin, NSE and CD99 with primitive small round cells, and S100 positivity with neoplastic chondrocytes. To the best of our knowledge, this is perhaps the largest reported case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the maxillofacial region. Diagnosed as inoperable, he was treated with radiation and chemotherapy only to die within a few months.

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of mandible

“…There is diversity of opinion in the diagnosis and treatment of MC. [ 15 ] The most effective therapeutic modality is wide surgical excision along with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In case of mandible, a wide local excision with a tumor-free margin of 2 to 3 cm is recommended.…”

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: An unusual lump in posterior maxilla

“…Wide surgical excision is the mainstay treatment for chondrosarcoma in the jaw bones [2]. These tumors are radio resistant, so chemotherapy can be used as an adjuvant therapy after wide surgical excision [7].…”

“…They usually occur in middle aged individuals, but are rare in young patients, with predilection for anterior portion of maxilla [1]. The tumor is unique due to high tendency for late recurrence and delayed metastasis to lung, bone, and lymph nodes [2]. Histopathologically, it is characterized by a biphasic pattern consisting of hyaline cartilage mixed with undifferentiated pleomorphic mesenchymal cells [1,3].…”

Clinicopathological and histological behavior of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma involving maxilla

“…[5] Usually, MCs of the head and neck region arise from the maxilla, with relatively few arising from the mandible. [6] Females are more frequently affected than males. It is commonly seen in younger age group compared with conventional CS.…”