A femoral neck fracture model in rabbits

Ohnishi, Isao; Oikawa, Katsuhiko; Tsuji, Kiichiro; Ichikawa, Tadashi; Kurokawa, Takahide

doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(02)00363-9

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Load at break (n), also referred to as the ultimate strength, is the final force recorded at the ultimate fracture (29). As the femoral neck is the bone site with the highest incidence of fracture (30), previously broken right femora were tested for femoral neck strength to represent a loading-based fracture (31). The femoral diaphysis was potted in dental resin and after 40 min mounted on the base of the Instron.…”

Section: Whole Body Composition and Osseous Mineralization Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The femoral diaphysis was potted in dental resin and after 40 min mounted on the base of the Instron. A breaking rate of 0.5 mm/min was applied to the medial region of the femoral head as previously described (30). Following biomechan- ical testing, mid-diaphysis cancellous (outer to the inner endosteum) and cortical (outer to the inner periosteum) diameters were measured using the caliper at the break site.…”

Section: Whole Body Composition and Osseous Mineralization Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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A High Mixed Protein Diet Reduces Body Fat without Altering the Mechanical Properties of Bone in Female Rats

Pye

Wakefield

Aukema

et al. 2009

The Journal of Nutrition

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Long-term consumption of high-protein (HP) diets at 35% of energy is postulated to negatively influence bone health. Previous studies have not comprehensively examined the biochemical, physical, and biomechanical properties of bone required to arrive at this conclusion. Our objective in this study was to examine the long-term effect of a HP diet on bone metabolism, mass, and strength in rats. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 80) were randomized to receive for 4, 8, 12, or 17 mo a normal-protein (NP) control diet (15% of energy) or a HP diet (35% of energy). Diets were balanced for calcium because the protein sources were rich in calcium. At each time point, measurements included weight, body composition, and bone mass using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, mechanical strength at the mid-diaphysis of femur and tibia, microarchitecture of femurs using microcomputerized tomography and serum osteocalcin, carboxy-terminal crosslinks of type I collagen (CTX), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), leptin, and adiponectin. Effects of diet, time, and their interaction were tested using factorial ANOVA. The HP diet resulted in lower body weight, total body, and abdominal fat and higher lean mass. Serum leptin and adiponectin were greater in HP-fed than in NP-fed rats, but IGF-1 did not differ between the groups. Whereas the HP diet resulted in higher relative bone mineral content (g/kg) in the femur, tibia, and vertebrae, serum osteocalcin and CTX and bone internal architecture and biomechanical strength were unaffected. In conclusion, HP diets at 35% of energy lower body fat content without hindering the mechanical and weight-bearing properties of bone.

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Section: Whole Body Composition and Osseous Mineralization Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Whole Body Composition and Osseous Mineralization Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A High Mixed Protein Diet Reduces Body Fat without Altering the Mechanical Properties of Bone in Female Rats

Pye

Wakefield

Aukema

et al. 2009

The Journal of Nutrition

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“…1). Similar techniques have been used in mice (Akhter et al, 2004b), rabbits (Ohnishi et al, 2003), and humans (Augat et al, 1996). Because of its lower cross-sectional area and moments of inertia, coupled to large bending moments, the femoral neck could be expected to be the most likely site of fracture.…”

Section: Fracture Strength and Naturalistic Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relative importance of genetics and phenotypic plasticity in dictating bone morphology and mechanics in aged mice: Evidence from an artificial selection experiment

Middleton

Shubin

Moore

et al. 2008

Zoology

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Both genetic and environmental factors are known to influence the structure of bone, contributing to its mechanical behavior during, and adaptive response to, loading. We introduce a novel approach to simultaneously address the genetically mediated, exercise-related effects on bone morphometrics and strength, using mice that had been selectively bred for high levels of voluntary wheel running (16 generations). Female mice from high-running and control lines were either allowed (n = 12, 12; respectively) or denied (n = 11, 12; respectively) access to wheels for 20 months. Femoral shaft, neck, and head were measured with calipers and via micro-computed tomography. Fracture characteristics of the femoral head were assessed in cantilever bending. After adjusting for variation in body mass by two-way analysis of covariance, distal width of the femur increased as a result of selective breeding, and mediolateral femoral diameter was reduced by wheel access. Cross-sectional area of the femoral mid-shaft showed a significant linetype × activity effect, increasing with wheel access in high-running lines but decreasing in control lines. Body mass was significantly positively correlated with many of the morphometric traits studied. Fracture load of the femoral neck was strongly positively predicted by morphometric traits of the femoral neck (r 2 > 0.30), but no significant effects of selective breeding or wheel access were found. The significant correlations of body mass with femoral morphometric traits underscore the importance of controlling for body size when analyzing the response of bone size and shape to experimental treatments. After controlling for body mass, measures of the femoral neck remain significant predictors of femoral neck strength.

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“…with CT because of beam-hardening and metallic artifacts, to our knowledge, its diagnostic value for predicting bone strength has never been assessed (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). In addition, there is no comparative study of trabecular bone parameters with tomosynthesis images and the CT-based finite-element method (FEM), which is recognized as a promising and advanced method for measuring bone strength (12)(13)(14).…”

Section: Tomosynthesis Examinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Femoral Neck Strength in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus with Trabecular Bone Analysis and Tomosynthesis Images

Fujii¹,

Aoki²,

Okada³

et al. 2016

Radiology

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Purpose To determine trabecular bone analysis values by using tomosynthesis images in determining femoral neck strength in patients with diabetes mellitus and compare its parameters between vertebral compression fracture and nonfracture groups. Materials and Methods The institutional review board approved this study, and written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Forty-nine patients with diabetes mellitus were included. Within 1 week, patients underwent dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), tomosynthesis, and computed tomography (CT) covering the T10 vertebral body to the hip joints. The trabecular patterns of tomosynthesis images were extracted, and the total strut length, bone volume per tissue volume, and five textural features (homogeneity, entropy, correlation, contrast, and variance) were obtained as the indices of tomosynthesis images. Failure load of the femoral neck, which was determined with the CT-based finite-element method (FEM), was used as the reference standard for bone strength. A forward stepwise multiple regression analysis for evaluating the availability of the tomosynthesis image indices was performed. The bone mineral density (BMD) at DXA and tomosynthesis image indices were compared between the vertebral compression fracture (n = 16) and nonfracture groups (n = 33) according to Genant semiquantitative morphometry methods by using one-way analysis of variance. Results The combination of BMD with the bone volume per tissue volume at the principal tensile group and the correlation at the principal compressive group showed the highest correlation to the failure load at CT FEM, and the correlation (r = 0.83) was higher than that between the failure load and the BMD alone (r = 0.76; P < .001). The averages of the bone volume per tissue volume and entropy at the principal tensile group in the vertebral compression fracture group were lower than those in the nonfracture group (P = .017 and P = .029, respectively), but there was no difference in BMD. Conclusion Tomosynthesis-based trabecular bone analysis is technically feasible and, in combination with BMD measurements, can potentially be used to determine bone strength in patients with diabetes mellitus. RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

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A femoral neck fracture model in rabbits

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

A High Mixed Protein Diet Reduces Body Fat without Altering the Mechanical Properties of Bone in Female Rats

A High Mixed Protein Diet Reduces Body Fat without Altering the Mechanical Properties of Bone in Female Rats

The relative importance of genetics and phenotypic plasticity in dictating bone morphology and mechanics in aged mice: Evidence from an artificial selection experiment

Prediction of Femoral Neck Strength in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus with Trabecular Bone Analysis and Tomosynthesis Images

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