A femtosecond laser-induced periodical surface structure on crystalline silicon

Abstract

A laser-induced periodic surface structure (LIPSS) has attracted research interest for its promising potential in micromachining for microelectronics and microelectromechanical systems. A femtosecond laser-induced periodical surface structure was investigated for polished crystalline silicon. The observed structure is similar to the classical ripples that are characterized by long, nearly parallel lines extending over the entire irradiated area on the metal and silicon surface after continuous or pulsed laser irradiation. The spacing of the ripples nearly equals the irradiation wavelength. The depth of these ripples increases nonlinearly with the fluence of irradiation. The orientation of these periodic structures is perpendicular to the vector of the electric field of the laser beam. It seemed that the pattern formed by a femtosecond laser complies well with conventional models. Unlike the patterns formed by a continuous or nanosecond pulsed laser, however, the spacing of the ripple formed by femtosecond pulses is not influenced by the incident angle of the laser beam. The formula used to predict the ripple spacing in the conventional model does not apply to the femtosecond laser induced ripple structure. A plausible explanation to this phenomenon is proposed. The effect of the pulse repetition rate was studied and it was found that a femtosecond laser oscillator generates the same periodic structure as the amplified laser system.

Continuous modulations of femtosecond laser-induced periodic surface structures and scanned line-widths on silicon by polarization changes

“…The parameter K of the LIPSS almost remains unchanged at approximately 0.63 ~0.68 during the variations in polarization direction. As a comparison, for circularly polarized fs laser irradiation, regular ripple structures are produced under the same processing parameters, but the ripple orientation seems to slant by 45° with respect to the linear polarization case, which is consistent with previous studies [33,34]. In spite of these observations of slantwise orientation, no convincing relevant explanations have been achieved.…”

Cellular reactions toward nanostructured silicon surfaces created by laser ablation

“…[13][14][15][16] Here, we report the cellular behavior on a silicon surface, structured on the cm 2 scale by femtosecond laser ablation with high spatial frequency laser-induced periodic surfaces structures (HSF-LIPSS or HSFLs). [17][18][19][20][21] Note that silicon serves as a model surface for fundamental studies and not as typically used biomaterial. The spatial frequency of the nanostructures can be conveniently controlled by tuning the illumination wavelength.…”

Лазерно-Индуцированная Генерация Поверхностных Периодических Структур В Средах С Нелинейной Диффузией

“…Соответствующий механизм может быть реализован в условиях облучения поверхности полупроводника как непрерывным, так и импульсным лазерным излучением, причем во втором случае при использовании последова-тельностей ультракоротких лазерных импульсов [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53] этот механизм выражен наиболее ярко.…”