A field-scale evaluation of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash as a road base material: Considerations for reuse practices

Spreadbury, Chad J.; McVay, Michael; Laux, S.E.; Townsend, Timothy G.

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.105264

Cited by 40 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In addition, bottom ash of MSW incineration has been categorized as non-hazardous waste according to Indonesian Therefore, the bottom ash can be treated as domestic waste and utilized or recylced without any significant risks. Various applications of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash as construction materials have been reported in previous studies, such as mortars [10], road base material [19], self-compacting concrete [20], aerated geopolymer [21], and cement [22]. At present, utilization of bottom ash produced from this pilot plant is still limited.…”

Section: Environmental Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Physicochemical characteristics of bottom ash from waste-to-energy incineration pilot plant in Indonesia

Shoiful,

Robbani,

Pratama

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal has emerged as a major concern in large cities across Indonesia. Waste-to-energy (WtE) incineration is an attractive method that can significantly reduce volume of waste; however it generates residues, namely bottom ash and fly ash. This study presents the characteristics of bottom ash from the MSW WtE incineration pilot plant in Indonesia. The physicochemical characterization of bottom ash was determined X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS). The results showed that CaO (46.80%) was the major component, followed by SiO2 (12.30%), Al2O3 (8.80%), and Fe2O3 (8.20%). SEM images showed that the surface morphology of bottom ash appeared flaky, rod-like, and irregular shape. Inert materials, like iron scrap, glass, ceramic, and stone, accounted for 16.7% of the total dry weight of bottom ash. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test of 11 heavy metals in bottom ash was carried out, and all of them were detected at very low concentration, indicating that bottom ash possessed a low risk level to human health and environment. This study provides important information on the characteristics of bottom ash from MSW WtE incineration in Indonesia that would be useful in facilitating management and disposal of bottom ash.

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Section: Environmental Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Physicochemical characteristics of bottom ash from waste-to-energy incineration pilot plant in Indonesia

Shoiful,

Robbani,

Pratama

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…The main reason is that MSWI bottom ash is prone to crushing and therefore may not withstand the higher stresses that occur in the upper parts of the structure despite increasing stiffness over time. Spreadbury et al [33] analyzed the resilient modulus and permanent deformation of the base course made with MSWI bottom ash mixtures in a small field-scale test facility using specific testing apparatus. The loads were applied to specific locations using a steel circular plate fixed to the load cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Test Road with Unbound Base and Sub-Base Course from MSWI Bottom Ash Mixtures

2023

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A considerable amount of literature has been published on municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) bottom ash as a substitute for natural road materials. However, most studies are conducted in the laboratory, and as a result, very little is known about the construction of pavement structural layers from MSWI bottom ash mixtures and their performance under real conditions. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to evaluate the bearing capacity and compaction level of the unbound base and sub-base course constructed from the MSWI bottom ash mixtures. For this purpose, three MSWI bottom ash mixtures (70–100% of MSWI bottom ash) and reference mixtures only from natural aggregates were designed and used to construct the unbound base and sub-base courses on a regional road in Lithuania. In total, five different pavement structures with MSWI bottom ash mixtures and a reference one with natural aggregates were constructed and tested. The results from this study showed that unbound mixtures with 70–100% of MSWI bottom ash are suitable to construct the unbound base and sub-base courses since the bearing capacity of those layers met the requirements (≥80 MPa for the sub-base course and ≥120 MPa for the base course) and was similar to that of the reference pavement (161 MPa for sub-base course and 212 MPa for base course).

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“…The literature suggests that RMSW can be reused in off-site field applications after initial processing and treatment, such as washing, thermal treatment, solidification, and stabilization, [5][6][7]. Isolated reuse of IBA is found to be satisfactory for fill and road applications [8][9][10][11][12]. However, these materials have region-specific characteristics that vary based on MSW heterogeneity, pre-processing of waste, and incineration technology (in the case of IBA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability of Laboratory Compaction Procedure for Secondary Materials

Bansal¹,

Parida²,

Ramana³

et al. 2023

World Congress on Civil, Structural, and Environmental Engineering

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The present study evaluates the suitability of the modified proctor test (MPT) using single and multiple batch compactions for two types of secondary materials: reclaimed municipal solid waste (RMSW) and MSW incinerated bottom ash (IBA). In the single batch (SB) technique, the same sample is re-compacted for each successive moisture increment, whereas in the multiple batch (MB) technique, a fresh sample is used for each moisture content. The composition and grain size analysis have substantiated the compaction results of the materials in concern. The maximum dry density values for RMSW were observed to be identical in both SB (1.70-1.74 gm/cc) and MB (1.71-1.75 gm/cc) compaction, indicating no effect of the compaction technique on RMSW. In contrast, SB (1.74-1.80 gm/cc) overestimates the compaction characteristics of IBA compared to MB (1.65-1.69 gm/cc). IBA experiences higher particle crushing in SB compaction, leading to an increase in fines content in each successive compaction phase, resulting in an inaccurate estimation of compaction parameters. Weak constituents like glass and sintered material make the coarse fraction of IBA susceptible to higher particle crushing than RMSW, which was also evident from the aggregate impact test. It is recommended to use the SB compaction for estimating compaction characteristics of RMSW, whereas MB compaction is appropriate for IBA. This study is essential to ensure appropriate field compaction control for using secondary materials in embankments and pavements.

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A field-scale evaluation of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash as a road base material: Considerations for reuse practices

Cited by 40 publications

References 36 publications

Physicochemical characteristics of bottom ash from waste-to-energy incineration pilot plant in Indonesia

Physicochemical characteristics of bottom ash from waste-to-energy incineration pilot plant in Indonesia

A Test Road with Unbound Base and Sub-Base Course from MSWI Bottom Ash Mixtures

Suitability of Laboratory Compaction Procedure for Secondary Materials

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