A Fifteen-year Study of Fall Stopover Patterns of Catharus Thrushes at an Inland, Urban Site

Craves, Julie A

doi:10.1676/08-055.1

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The majority of the migratory species considered in our analysis are nocturnal migrants that probably select stopover habitat in a hierarchical fashion, first based on landscape features that are detected before dawn, after which more nuanced local-scale selection based on habitat quality may occur (Hutto, 1985;Moore & Aborn, 2000;Cohen et al, 2014). Nocturnal migrants have been observed passing through urban areas (Evans Ogden, 1996) and have been detected in high numbers in patches of intact vegetation in urban areas during stopover (Pennington et al, 2008;Seewagen & Slayton, 2008;Craves, 2009;Seewagen et al, 2010Seewagen et al, , 2011. Within agricultural areas, migrants have been detected in patches of intact vegetation (Yong et al, 1998;Packett & Dunning, 2009) and in some cases within agricultural fields during stopover (McCarty et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, habitat associations during stopover tend to be more variable than during the breeding season (Petit, 2000). Preserving stopover habitat is considered to be critical in current conservation efforts (Mehlman et al, 2005), and for some migratory species stopover habitat is known to include patches of intact vegetation within agricultural (Yong et al, 1998;McCarty et al, 2009;Packett & Dunning, 2009) and urban areas (Pennington et al, 2008;Seewagen & Slayton, 2008;Craves, 2009;Seewagen et al, 2010). As such, the geographic diffusion of species during migration should have similar effects across the land-use gradient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of urban and agricultural areas during avian migration: an assessment of within‐year temporal turnover

Sorte

Tingley

Hurlbert

2014

Global Ecology and Biogeography

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Aim Migration is often identified as the most vulnerable period in the annual cycle for birds, and land‐use change is likely to have altered how avian populations are regulated during migration events. However, the consequences of land‐use change for avian diversity are typically assessed based on annual surveys of breeding communities with little consideration given to migration or other phases of the annual cycle. Location Forty‐four North American ecoregions. Methods We use eBird avian occurrence data to estimate, at a monthly temporal resolution for the combined period 2004 to 2013, how species richness and temporal turnover in species composition is structured within years across a land‐use gradient (intact vegetation, agricultural and urban). Results Species richness peaked on average during spring and autumn migrations. Intact vegetation had the highest and urban areas the lowest species richness on average. Despite differences in community size, the three land‐use categories had similar patterns of within‐year temporal turnover, suggesting analogous effects of geographic diffusion by migrating species. Agricultural and urban areas had comparatively dampened temporal turnover across the annual cycle, suggesting more homogeneous within‐year species compositions. Relative to eastern ecoregions, differences in species richness and temporal turnover among land‐use categories were substantially more pronounced in western ecoregions. Main conclusions Agricultural and urban areas have lower species richness and reduced within‐year temporal turnover across the annual cycle relative to areas of intact vegetation, particularly in the west. Our findings suggest that avian diversity has been simplified across the annual cycle through the influence of human activities, with human‐transformed landscapes maintaining a degree of relevance for migratory birds, especially in the east.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of urban and agricultural areas during avian migration: an assessment of within‐year temporal turnover

Sorte

Tingley

Hurlbert

2014

Global Ecology and Biogeography

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“…Therefore, if avian survival is determined by top-down controls, we would expect that survivorship would decline with increasing urban land cover. Conversely, if resource availability determines survival in urban landscapes, it is expected that survivorship would be enhanced in these environments for many species due to anthropogenic resources (e.g., supplemental feeding), high densities of some invertebrates (especially for ground-foraging birds; see Szlavecz et al 2006), and abundant fruit resources associated with ornamental and nonnative plants (McIntyre 2000, Reichard et al 2001, Craves 2009; but see Tallamy 2004, Burghardt et al 2009. The extent to which bottom-up effects regulate avian populations is likely to depend on the degree of urbanization, the type and abundance of available resources, and the life histories of the affected bird species.…”

Section: Top-down and Bottom-up Controls On Avian Population Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing avian survival along a rural‐to‐urban land use gradient

Evans

Ryder

Reitsma

et al. 2015

Ecology

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Many avian species persist in human-dominated landscapes; however, little is known about the demographic consequences of urbanization in these populations. Given that urban habitats introduce novel benefits (e.g., anthropogenic resources) and pressures (e.g., mortality risks), conflicting mechanisms have been hypothesized to drive the dynamics of urban bird populations. Top-down processes such as predation predict reduced survivorship in suburban and urban habitats, whereas bottom-up processes, such as increased resource availability, predict peak survival in suburban habitats. In this study, we use mark-recapture data of seven focal species encountered between 2000 and 2012 to test hypotheses about the processes that regulate avian survival along an urbanization gradient in greater Washington, D.C., USA. American Robin, Gray Catbird, Northern Cardinal, and Song Sparrow exhibited peak survival at intermediate and upper portions of the rural-to-urban gradient; this pattern supports the hypothesis that bottom-up processes (e.g., resource availability) can drive patterns of avian survival in some species. In contrast, Carolina Chickadee showed no response and Carolina and House Wren showed a slightly negative response to urban land cover. These contrasting results underscore the need for comparative studies documenting the mechanisms that drive demography and how those factors differentially affect urban adapted and urban avoiding species.

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“…Despite their much smaller area and higher densities of birds, urban parks were found to provide equivalent refueling capacity in 10 bird species compared with rural areas because of very high insect abundance (Seewagen et al 2011 ). Evidence from large parks in several other cities, including Swainson's thrushes ( Catharus ustulatus ) in Highbanks Park (15.5 ha) Columbus, Ohio, in the United States (Matthews and Rodewald 2010 ), and four thrush species in a natural area (120 ha) in Detroit, Michigan, in the United States (Craves 2009 ), also suggest that large urban green spaces can act as important stopover locations for migrating songbirds.…”

Section: How Can Cities Benefit Regional Ecosystems?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biological Deserts Fallacy: Cities in Their Landscapes Contribute More than We Think to Regional Biodiversity

et al. 2021

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Cities are both embedded within and ecologically linked to their surrounding landscapes. Although urbanization poses a substantial threat to biodiversity, cities also support many species, some of which have larger populations, faster growth rates, and higher productivity in cities than outside of them. Despite this fact, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the potentially beneficial links between cities and their surroundings. We identify five pathways by which cities can benefit regional ecosystems by releasing species from threats in the larger landscape, increasing regional habitat heterogeneity and genetic diversity, acting as migratory stopovers, preadapting species to climate change, and enhancing public engagement and environmental stewardship. Increasing recognition of these pathways could help cities identify effective strategies for supporting regional biodiversity conservation and could provide a science-based platform for incorporating biodiversity alongside other urban greening goals.

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A Fifteen-year Study of Fall Stopover Patterns of Catharus Thrushes at an Inland, Urban Site

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

The role of urban and agricultural areas during avian migration: an assessment of within‐year temporal turnover

The role of urban and agricultural areas during avian migration: an assessment of within‐year temporal turnover

Characterizing avian survival along a rural‐to‐urban land use gradient

The Biological Deserts Fallacy: Cities in Their Landscapes Contribute More than We Think to Regional Biodiversity

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