A Five-year retrospective hospital-based study on epidemiological data regarding human Leishmaniasis in West Kordofan state - Sudan

Abdullah, A. A; Ahmed, Musa; GADEED, Ahmed; El-Tayeb, A. E.; Ahmed, Safa Elsadig Mohammed Ali; Hamad, Suad; Hussein, Mohammed

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-1201676/v1

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…The disease can manifest in different forms, such as cutaneous (CL), visceral (VL), mucocutaneous (MCL), or postkala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), depending on the parasite species and the host immune response. Leishmaniasis is endemic in many regions of Sudan, with CL being the most common form and VL being mainly confined to the eastern, western, and southern parts of the country [4][5][6]. Leishmaniasis affects 98 countries in Europe, Africa, Asia, and America, with a high burden in 13 countries that account for over 90% of new cases [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Leishmania donovani Infection in Humans and Dogs in Gadarif State, Sudan: A Diagnostic Comparison

Osman Ahmed Abdalla,

Mohammed,

Abdalla Ahmed El hadi

et al. 2024

SJMS

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Background: Leishmania donovani is a protozoan parasite that causes visceral leishmaniasis, a potentially fatal disease in humans and dogs. The epidemiology and transmission dynamics of L. donovani in Sudan are poorly understood. We aim to determine the prevalence and characterization of L. donovani in human hospital cases and domestic dogs using different diagnostic methods in two localities in Gadarif State, Sudan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2019 to April 2020. Whole blood samples and lymph node aspirates were collected from 69 human and 32 dog participants for parasitological, immunological, and molecular tests. Results: No parasites were detected in blood samples from either humans or dogs. Lymph node microscopy revealed 71.01% positivity in humans and 9.4% in dogs. The IT Leish test showed 82.6% positivity in humans and 43.75% in dogs. PCR confirmed L. donovani infection in all six selected samples (three from humans and three from dogs). Conclusion: The study confirmed the presence of L. donovani in both human and dog populations in the study area, suggesting that dogs may act as reservoirs or hosts for the parasite. The IT Leish kit test was the most sensitive and specific method, while microscopy of blood and lymph node smears was the least sensitive method. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of dogs in the transmission cycle of L. donovani and the risk factors associated with human infection.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Leishmania donovani Infection in Humans and Dogs in Gadarif State, Sudan: A Diagnostic Comparison

Osman Ahmed Abdalla,

Mohammed,

Abdalla Ahmed El hadi

et al. 2024

SJMS

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Prevalence of human leishmaniasis in Sudan: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Ahmed¹,

Abdullah²,

Bello³

et al. 2022

WJM

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BACKGROUND There are three main forms of leishmaniasis in humans: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), visceral leishmaniasis (VL), and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. The prevalence of human leishmaniasis varies widely in different countries and different regions of the same country. To date, there is no overall estimation of the prevalence of human leishmaniasis in Sudan. AIM To determine the pooled prevalence of human leishmaniasis and the disease risk factors among Sudanese citizens. METHODS From all articles written in English or Arabic languages conducted before the 4th of August 2021 from [Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and MEDLINE, African Journals Online (AJOL), ResearchGate, direct Google search, Google Scholar, and universities websites], just 20 articles with a total of 230960 participants were eligible for this study. Data synthesis and analysis were done using STATA software, version 16. EndNote citation manager version X9.3.3 and Reference Citation Analysis ( RCA ) were used to remove the duplicated studies and manage the citation respectively. RESULTS The overall pooled prevalence of human leishmaniasis in Sudan was 21% (with confidence interval 12%-30%). CL was the most common type of leishmaniasis in Sudan, with a pooled prevalence of 26% followed by VL (18%). Nevertheless, the pooled prevalence of human leishmaniasis in Sudan was higher in males compared with females (60% vs 40%). The current results revealed that the people in the age group between 15 and 44 were the most affected group (60%), and central Sudan has the highest pooled prevalence of human leishmaniasis (27%) compared with other regions of Sudan. Finally, the prevalence of human leishmaniasis seems to decrease with time. CONCLUSION This study showed that human leishmaniasis infection is still endemic in many regions in Sudan and highly prevalent in central and eastern Sudan, and CL is the most prevalent in the country. Males and adults were more susceptible to infection compared with females and children. However, the human leishmaniasis prevalence decreased relatively over time.

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A Five-year retrospective hospital-based study on epidemiological data regarding human Leishmaniasis in West Kordofan state - Sudan

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Prevalence of Leishmania donovani Infection in Humans and Dogs in Gadarif State, Sudan: A Diagnostic Comparison

Prevalence of Leishmania donovani Infection in Humans and Dogs in Gadarif State, Sudan: A Diagnostic Comparison

Prevalence of human leishmaniasis in Sudan: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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