A fragment-cloud model for asteroid breakup and atmospheric energy deposition

Wheeler, Lorien; Register, Paul J.; Mathias, Donovan

doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2017.02.011

Cited by 63 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It was smaller than the values 1.2–1.87 obtained by Wheeler et al. () for the Chelyabinsk event (note that dispersion coefficient in Wheeler et al. () is equal K 1 2 ).…”

Section: Fragmentation Modelingcontrasting

confidence: 56%

The Maribo CM2 meteorite fall—Survival of weak material at high entry speed

Borovička

Попова

Spurný

2019

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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High entry speed (>25 km s À1 ) and low density (<2500 kg m À3 ) are the two factors that lower the chance of a meteoroid to drop meteorites. The 26 g carbonaceous (CM2) meteorite Maribo recovered in Denmark in 2009 was delivered by a bright bolide observed by several instruments across northern and central Europe. By reanalyzing the available data, we confirmed the previously reported high entry speed of (28.3 AE 0.3) km s À1 and trajectory with slope of 31°to the horizontal. In order to understand how such a fragile material survived, we applied three different models of meteoroid atmospheric fragmentation to the detailed bolide light curve obtained by radiometers located in Czech Republic. The Maribo meteoroid was found to be quite inhomogeneous with different parts fragmenting at different dynamic pressures. While 30-40% of the (2000 AE 1000) kg entry mass was destroyed already at 0.02 MPa, another 25-40%, according to different models, survived without fragmentation up to the relatively large dynamic pressures of 3-5 MPa. These pressures are only slightly lower than the measured tensile strengths of hydrated carbonaceous chondrite (CC) meteorites and are comparable with usual atmospheric fragmentation pressures of ordinary chondritic (OC) meteoroids. While internal cracks weaken OC meteoroids in comparison with meteorites, this effect seems to be absent in CC, enabling meteorite delivery even at high speeds, though in the form of only small fragments.

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“…It was smaller than the values 1.2–1.87 obtained by Wheeler et al. () for the Chelyabinsk event (note that dispersion coefficient in Wheeler et al. () is equal K 1 2 ).…”

Section: Fragmentation Modelingcontrasting

confidence: 56%

The Maribo CM2 meteorite fall—Survival of weak material at high entry speed

Borovička

Попова

Spurný

2019

Meteorit & Planetary Scien

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“…To model the lightcurve, we implemented a fragmentation model based on Avramenko et al (2014) and Wheeler et al (2017). In this model, the meteor is treated as single, fractured body, with an initial bulk strength σ 0 .…”

Section: Fragmentation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragmentation modelling of the 2019 August impact on Jupiter

Sankar

Palotai

Hueso

et al. 2020

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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On 7th August 2019, an impact flash lasting ∼ 1s was observed on Jupiter. The video of this event was analysed to obtain the lightcurve and determine the energy release and initial mass. We find that the impactor released a total energy of 96 − 151 kilotons of TNT, corresponding to an initial mass between 190 − 260 metric tonnes with a diameter between 4 − 10m. We developed a fragmentation model to simulate the atmospheric breakup of the object and reproduce the lightcurve. We model three different materials: cometary, stony and metallic at speeds of 60, 65 and 70 km/s to determine the material makeup of the impacting object. The slower cases are best fit by a strong, metallic object while the faster cases require a weaker material.

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“…The interaction phenomena can greatly influence the flight trajectories of the fragments of meteoroids and space debris and therefore their strewn field on the Earth's surface [3]. Furthermore, the rate of energy deposition into the atmosphere by a meteoroid and its airburst altitude can be highly sensitive to the interaction phenomena [4]. The energy deposition in the form of thermal radiation and blast waves can cause significant ground damage [4,5].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the rate of energy deposition into the atmosphere by a meteoroid and its airburst altitude can be highly sensitive to the interaction phenomena [4]. The energy deposition in the form of thermal radiation and blast waves can cause significant ground damage [4,5]. Therefore, understanding these interaction phenomena is indispensable for assessing potential ground damage from meteoroids and space debris.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Superposition Method for Force Estimations on Bodies in Supersonic and Hypersonic Flows

Ansgar¹,

Willems²,

Gülhan³

et al. 2018

Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets

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Aerodynamic interactions of fragments of meteoroids and space debris during atmospheric entry influence the flight trajectories of the fragments and their strewn field on the Earth's surface as well as the meteoroids' airburst altitude and energy deposition rate in the atmosphere and thus the resulting ground damage. For the design of experiments in the Hypersonic Wind Tunnel H2K of DLR, German Aerospace Center in Cologne to investigate the interaction phenomena, a method is developed to estimate the forces on two interacting bodies in supersonic and hypersonic flows, which is more accurate than existing analytical and semi-analytical methods and more efficient than numerical simulations regarding the computational effort. It is based on the superposition of flowfields taken from a database of numerical simulations of a single body for a range of Mach numbers. Furthermore, three-dimensional computations of configurations of interacting bodies are carried out by NASA Ames Research Center. Results obtained with the superposition method are compared to the simulations by NASA and to results of computations that can be found in the literature. The results from the method show good agreement with the computations.Nomenclature a x 1 = streamwise acceleration of first sphere, m∕s 2

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A fragment-cloud model for asteroid breakup and atmospheric energy deposition

Cited by 63 publications

References 35 publications

The Maribo CM2 meteorite fall—Survival of weak material at high entry speed

The Maribo CM2 meteorite fall—Survival of weak material at high entry speed

Fragmentation modelling of the 2019 August impact on Jupiter

Superposition Method for Force Estimations on Bodies in Supersonic and Hypersonic Flows

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