A Framework for Supporting Joint Interpersonal Attention in Distributed Groups

Birnholtz, Jeremy; Schultz, Johnathon; Lepage, Matthew; Gutwin, Carl

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-23774-4_25

Cited by 4 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Several other projector-based systems have been implemented for office and work environments, with different degrees of sophistication and different goals, such as the OMNI display [6] (with the goal of improving group awareness) and Kimura [23] (with the goal of supporting office work and office activity). These systems often use multiple projectors concurrently, and use blending techniques to deal with overlaps, or with environments where projection areas are not flat (e.g., [2,16,21,40,39]).…”

Section: Projection-based Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some parts of this space have been discussed in large-display literature and previous work on projectorbased systems for example, increasing the amount of space available for working with documents (e.g. [41]), using a peripheral-vision display for context (e.g., Focus plus Context displays [3]; OMNI [6]), or adding game content to a room-based display (e.g., IllumiRoom [20]). In addition to these previous explorations, we have identified three ways in which the characteristics of FCDs can be used to generate novel interfaces and applications.…”

Section: Design Opportunities For Fcdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, human sensitivity to motion and change in the periphery provides additional dimensions along which a designer can manipulate perceptual weight. As an example (based on work with smaller displays by Birnholtz and colleagues [6]), Figure 2 shows a mockup of calendar reminders that gradually move into focus as they approach in time.…”

Section: Leveraging Perceptual Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The server and the room configuration applications 6 are built in Python 2.7 and are easy to run using Ubuntu 14.04, for which we provide a guide to obtaining the required packages.…”

Section: Hardware and Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

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The ASPECTA toolkit

Petford

Nacenta

Gutwin

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the 5th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays

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Full Coverage Displays (FCDs) cover the interior surface of an entire room with pixels. FCDs make possible many new kinds of immersive display experiences -but current technology for building FCDs is expensive and complex, and software support for developing full-coverage applications is limited. To address these problems, we introduce ASPECTA, a hardware configuration and software toolkit that provide a low-cost and easy-to-use solution for creating full coverage systems. We outline ASPECTA's (minimal) hardware requirements and describe the toolkit's architecture, development API, server implementation, and configuration tool; we also provide a full example of how the toolkit can be used. We performed two evaluations of the toolkit: a case study of a research system built with ASPECTA, and a laboratory study that tested the effectiveness of the API. Our evaluations, as well as multiple examples of ASPECTA in use, show how ASPECTA can simplify configuration and development while still dramatically reducing the cost for creators of applications that take advantage of full-coverage displays.

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Section: Projection-based Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Design Opportunities For Fcdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Leveraging Perceptual Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The server and the room configuration applications 6 are built in Python 2.7 and are easy to run using Ubuntu 14.04, for which we provide a guide to obtaining the required packages.…”

Section: Hardware and Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The ASPECTA toolkit

Petford

Nacenta

Gutwin

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the 5th ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays

Self Cite

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“…Birnholtz et al (Birnholtz et al, 2012) build on this, noting that there is potential utility in allowing those being checked on to see (and thus potentially respond to) all awareness checks. This, in principle, allows for a more natural negotiation of mutual attention in that all acts of gathering can be seen and responded to (see Birnholtz et al, 2012;Birnholtz, Schultz, Lepage, & Gutwin, 2011, for a much more detailed discussion of these issues).…”

Section: Awareness Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercultural Awareness: Cultural and Relational Effects on Awareness Information Gathering Behavior

2014

iConference 2014 Proceedings

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Awareness information, information about others' presence and activities that allows us to determine their availability for conversation, plays an important role in workplace communication, as people often gather and act on it in the process of negotiating mutual availability. This paper presents a laboratory experiment examining how gathering awareness information is affected by the cultural backgrounds and mutual familiarity of collaborators. Results suggest that members of cultures considered more relationship-oriented (e.g., China) gathered awareness information less frequently than members of cultures that are more task-oriented (e.g., the United States). We argue that this is because of the different motivations for interaction prioritized by these cultures. We did not find any effect for familiarity, but provide several alternative explanations for this result. We argue that members of these cultures may therefore differ in the extent and frequency of their use of awareness information.Additionally, people develop different levels of familiarity with their collaborators: some may be more familiar because they have been working or spending some time together; others may be complete strangers with no previous interaction history. Research suggests people interact with strangers and nonstrangers differently, in that they are more informal and less polite when they are interacting with a friend than with a stranger (Brown & Levinson, 1987;Wolfson, 1988). These behavioral differences may also be reflected in how people gather awareness information about their collaborators. Since gathering awareness information is socially delicate and can be perceived as invasive and impolite, we argue that people will gather awareness information more frequently from people they know rather than from strangers.These two factors, cultural background and familiarity, are not only important individually, but also act together. Research suggests Americans and Chinese may differ in the ways they treat strangers and friends/acquaintances, in that Chinese may become less relationship-oriented when they are interacting with strangers than with friends, whereas no study has documented similar tendency for Americans (Tickle-Degnen & Rosenthal, 1990;Yang, 1995). Understanding and acknowledging the potential differences caused by culture, familiarity, and their interaction will not only help researchers develop and evaluate systems in a value-sensitive way, but also shed light on how relational closeness impact people's collaboration.The present study examines how different cultural values and relational familiarity affect how people gather awareness information in a simulated work environment. We found that American and Chinese users did use the same system, OpenMessenger, differently in terms of frequency of gathering awareness information. Contrary to our expectation, no difference was found along the familiarity dimension.

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An organizational digital footprint for interruption management: a data-driven approach

Kalliomäki-Levanto

Ukkonen

2022

ITP

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PurposeInterruptions are prevalent in knowledge work, and their negative consequences have driven research to find ways for interruption management. However, these means almost always leave the responsibility and burden of interruptions with individual knowledge workers. System-level approaches for interruption management, on the other hand, have the potential to reduce the burden on employees. This paper’s objective is to pave way for system-level interruption management by showing that data about factual characteristics of work can be used to identify interrupting situations.Design/methodology/approachThe authors provide a demonstration of using trace data from information and communications technology (ICT)-systems and machine learning to identify interrupting situations. They conduct a “simulation” of automated data collection by asking employees of two companies to provide information concerning situations and interruptions through weekly reports. They obtain information regarding four organizational elements: task, people, technology and structure, and employ classification trees to show that this data can be used to identify situations across which the level of interruptions differs.FindingsThe authors show that it is possible to identifying interrupting situations from trace data. During the eight-week observation period in Company A they identified seven and in Company B four different situations each having a different probability of occurrence of interruptions.Originality/valueThe authors extend employee-level interruption management to the system-level by using “task” as a bridging concept. Task is a core concept in both traditional interruption research and Leavitt's 1965 socio-technical model which allows us to connect other organizational elements (people, structure and technology) to interruptions.

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A Framework for Supporting Joint Interpersonal Attention in Distributed Groups

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

The ASPECTA toolkit

The ASPECTA toolkit

Intercultural Awareness: Cultural and Relational Effects on Awareness Information Gathering Behavior

An organizational digital footprint for interruption management: a data-driven approach

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