A freeze-coring technique applied to pollution by fine sediments in gravel-bed rivers

Petts, Geoffrey E.; Thoms, Martín; Brittan, K.; Atkin, Brian P.

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(89)90388-4

Cited by 46 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A protocol based on sediment size characterization, as proposed by Rice and Haschenburger (2004), would have required either handling large quantities of sediments weighing several hundred kilograms for each sampling point in the field and drying them before weighing them in the laboratory, making the procedure extremely timeconsuming. Other methods involving coring freeze-corers using carbon dioxide or liquid nitrogen (Carling and Reader, 1981;Petts et al, 1989) would also have been time consuming and laborious methods. Because of the apparent spatial heterogeneity of the sediment stores in the active channel, we adopted a method allowing us to increase the number of sampling points.…”

Section: Field Measurement Of In-channel Fine Sediment Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of intermediate fine sediment storage in a braided river reach (southern French Prealps)

Navrátil

Legoût

Gateuille

et al. 2010

Hydrological Processes

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International audienceThis paper presents a field investigation on river channel storage of fine sediments in an unglaciated braided river, the Bès River, located in a mountainous region in the southern French Prealps. Braided rivers transport a very large quantity of bedload and suspended sediment load because they are generally located in the vicinity of highly erosive hillslopes. Consequently, these rivers play an important role because they supply and control the sediment load of the entire downstream fluvial network. Field measurements and aerial photograph analyses were considered together to evaluate the variability of fine sediment quantity stored in a 2*5-km-long river reach. This study found very large quantities of fine sediment stored in this reach: 1100 t per unit depth (1 dm). Given that this reach accounts for 17% of the braided channel surface area of the river basin, the quantities of fine sediment stored in the river network were found to be approximately 80% of the mean annual suspended sediment yields (SSYs) (66 200 t year−1), comparable to the SSYs at the flood event scale: from 1000 t to 12 000 t depending on the flood event magnitude. These results could explain the clockwise hysteretic relationships between suspended sediment concentrations and discharges for 80% of floods. This pattern is associated with the rapid availability of the fine sediments stored in the river channel. This study shows the need to focus on not only the mechanisms of fine sediment production from hillslope erosion but also the spatiotemporal dynamics of fine sediment transfer in braided rivers. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

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Section: Field Measurement Of In-channel Fine Sediment Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of intermediate fine sediment storage in a braided river reach (southern French Prealps)

Navrátil

Legoût

Gateuille

et al. 2010

Hydrological Processes

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“…Samples of bed material to a depth of 60 cm were taken using an established freeze-coring method (Petts et al, 1989). The volume of the bed material was determined in the ®eld by water displacement.…”

Section: Non-radiative Heat Exchange At the Channel Bedmentioning

confidence: 99%

River energy budgets with special reference to river bed processes

1998

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Abstract:This paper uses detailed hydrometeorological data to evaluate the in¯uence of channel bed processes on the river energy budget at an experimental site on the regulated River Blithe, Staordshire, UK. Results from a pilot study are presented for eight days during July, September, October and November 1994.Total energy gains were dominated by net short-wave radiation (97 . 60%) with signi®cant contributions from sensible heat exchange and friction (1 . 17 and 1 . 06%, respectively) and minor additions from condensation and bed conduction (0 . 16 and 0 . 01%, respectively). Net long-wave radiation, evaporation, conduction into the river bed, sensible heat transfer and the energy advected during evaporation accounted for 53 . 98, 23 . 56, 16 . 27, 5 . 25 and 0 . 94% of the total heat losses. On average, over 82% of the total energy transfers occurred at the air± water interface. Approximately 15% of the total energy exchanges occurred at the channel bed, but maximum daily heat exchanges accounted for up to 24% of the daily total energy transfer. The amount of short-wave radiation attenuated in the water column, and values measured at the channel bed varied considerably from those calculated using a standard coecient. Values of bed conduction varied in response to dierent vertical thermal pro®les in the channel bed, re¯ecting the variable in¯uence of sedimentology and groundwater¯ux. Fluctuations in levels of periphyton and macrophyte cover were also shown to have a signi®cant eect on energy¯uxes at the channel bed. #

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“…Conventional approaches for investigating channel bed sediment deposition and storage comprise direct and indirect methods. Direct techniques commonly involve coring with either push-tube samplers (Doyle et al, 1995) or freeze-corers using liquid nitrogen (Stocker and Williams, 1972) or carbon dioxide (Carling and Reader, 1981;Petts et al, 1989). Alternatively, sediment traps based on a simple box design (Frostick et al, 1984;Walling and Amos, 1999;Wood and Armitage, 1999), permeable infiltration baskets (Acornley and Sear, 1999;Soulsby et al, 2001) or sedimentation plates (Kozerski, 2002) can be used, but deploying these devices is time consuming and impractical for deep water environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine‐grained bed sediment storage within the main channel systems of the Frome and Piddle catchments, Dorset, UK

Collins

Walling

2006

Hydrological Processes

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Abstract:Lowland permeable catchments in the UK are particularly prone to sedimentation problems, on account of the increased fine sediment loadings generated by recent land-use change and their stable seasonal hydrological regimes, which are frequently depleted by groundwater abstraction. Fine-grained sediment storage on the bed of the main channel systems of the Frome (437 km 2 ) and Piddle (183 km 2 ) catchments, Dorset, UK, has been examined at 29 sites using a sediment remobilization technique. Measurements encompassed the period Temporal variations in fine bed sediment storage at each site were appreciable, with the coefficients of variation ranging between 43 and 155% in the Frome and between 33 and 160% in the Piddle. Average reach-scale specific bed sediment storage increased markedly downstream along each main stem from 2 to 29 t km 1 (Frome) and from 4 to 19 t km 1 (Piddle). Total fine sediment storage on the channel bed of the Frome varied between 479 t (5 t km 1 ) and 1694 t (17 t km 1 ), with a mean of 795 t (7 t km 1 ), compared with between 371 t (5 t km 1 ) and 1238 t (14 t km 1 ) with a mean of 730 t (9 t km 1 ) in the Piddle. During the study period, fine bed sediment storage was typically equivalent to 18% (Frome) and 57% (Piddle) of the mean annual suspended sediment flux at the study catchment outlets.

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A freeze-coring technique applied to pollution by fine sediments in gravel-bed rivers

Cited by 46 publications

References 19 publications

Assessment of intermediate fine sediment storage in a braided river reach (southern French Prealps)

Assessment of intermediate fine sediment storage in a braided river reach (southern French Prealps)

River energy budgets with special reference to river bed processes

Fine‐grained bed sediment storage within the main channel systems of the Frome and Piddle catchments, Dorset, UK

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