A fumonisin biosynthetic gene cluster in Fusarium oxysporum strain O-1890 and the genetic basis for B versus C fumonisin production

Detection of fumonisin C₁, C₂ and C₃ in corn powder by LC - Orbitrap MS

“…In consideration of elution profiles of FC 1 and FB 1 , FC 1 should be eluted earlier than FB 1 , on the reverse phase chromatography, because FCs are structurally analogous to FBs lacking the C-1 methyl group 8) . Similar elution profile on a reverse phase chromatography was observed previously 19) . In addition, the signal intensities of FB 1 and FC 1 (compound detected at 14.17) were significantly decreased when treated with the OPA according to the procedure previously described.…”

“…Several Fusarium oxysporum strains were reported to produce FCs more than FBs 9), 19) . In addition, these strains are known to cause serious diseases for vegetables 29) .…”

FUM cluster divergence in fumonisins-producing Fusarium species

“…In case of other potential producers however, the presence of biosynthesis cluster and ability to produce fumonisins have both been questioned (Fusarium oxysporum e Rheeder et al 2002; Fusarium subglutinans e Moretti et al 2008). Similarly, the majority of F. oxysporum isolates are regarded as unable to synthesize fumonisins the toxin, however at least the O-1890 F. oxysporum isolate was found to produce large amounts of fumonisin C, the FUM cluster of this isolate has been sequenced and compared to the model cluster sequence from F. verticilloides (Proctor et al 2008). In case of Fusarium proliferatum the sequence determinants of fumonisin production have been found and comparative analyses with F. verticillioides made (Waalwijk et al 2004), however the FUM cluster sequence was not published.…”

Identification of a cis-acting factor modulating the transcription of FUM1, a key fumonisin-biosynthetic gene in the fungal maize pathogen Fusarium verticillioides

“…FUM genes are clustered in F. oxysporum as they are in F. verticillioides with the number, order and orientation of the genes being the same ( Proctor et al, 2003 andProctor et al, 2008). Two other Fusariumspecies host a full version of the FUM cluster, only missing the FUM17 orthologue (encoding one of the two putative ceramide synthases in the cluster): F. proliferatum and Fusarium fujikuroi (B. Tudzynski, personal communication).…”

“…At present, only one narrow-domain TF, encoded byFUM21, has been characterized as required for fumonisin biosynthesis. Fum21 is a predicted Zn(II)2Cys6zinc-finger protein found in all five FUM gene clusters sequenced so far ( Brown et al, 2007, Pel et al, 2007and Proctor et al, 2008B. Tudzynski, personal communication).…”