A Gas Cell Based on Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) and Its Application for the Detection of Greenhouse Gas (GHG): Nitrous Oxide (N₂O)

Abstract

The authors report the detection of nitrous oxide gas using intracavity fiber laser absorption spectroscopy. A gas cell based on a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber was constructed and used inside a fiber ring laser cavity as an intracavity gas cell. The fiber laser in the 1.55 μm band was developed using a polarization-maintaining erbium-doped fiber as the gain medium. The wavelength of the laser was selected by a fiber Bragg grating (FBG), and it matches one of the absorption lines of the gas under investigation. The laser wavelength contained multilongitudinal modes, which increases the sensitivity of the detection system. N2O gas has overtones of the fundamental absorption bands and rovibrational transitions in the 1.55 μm band. The system was operated at room temperature and was capable of detecting nitrous oxide gas at sub-ppmv concentration level.

All-Fiber CO2 Sensor Using Hollow Core PCF Operating in the 2 µm Region

“…This leads to a tradeoff between the sensitivity and response time associated with the HC-PCF cavity length. The response time increases with the length of the cavity [18] while the sensitivity is inversely proportional to it. If the cavity length were increased by a factor of 10, to 7.4 m, the minimum detectable CO 2 concentration would be 0.2%, but the estimated response time would be more than one hour.…”

A Short Review of Cavity-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Gas Analysis

“…Nonetheless, cavity-enhanced droplet spectroscopy has the majority of publications regarding CERS. Furthermore, FERS, as a subcategory of CERS, has gained momentum due to advances in fiber technology, especially in the field of hollow-core photonic crystal fibers [ 67 , 73 ].…”

Numerical analysis of gas diffusion in drilled Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal fibres

“…2c shows an external pressure applied at the inlet to drive the gas filling process in the core of the HC-PCF [20]. Valiunas et al [21] used a different arrangement to accelerate the gas flow in the HC-PCF, where the inlet gas was at the atmospheric pressure and a vacuum pump was used at the outlet to create a pressure difference. Fig.…”