A General and Efficient Strategy for Gene Delivery Based on Tea Polyphenols Intercalation and Self‐Polymerization

Abstract

Gene therapy that employs therapeutic nucleic acids to modulate gene expression has shown great promise for diseases therapy, and its clinical application relies on the development of effective gene vector. Herein a novel gene delivery strategy by just using natural polyphenol (‐)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐O‐gallate (EGCG) as raw material is reported. EGCG first intercalates into nucleic acids to yield a complex, which then oxidizes and self‐polymerizes to form tea polyphenols nanoparticles (TPNs) for effective nucleic acids encapsulation. This is a general method to load any types of nucleic acids with single or double strands and short or long sequences. Such TPNs‐based vector achieves comparable gene loading capacity to commonly used cationic materials, but showing lower cytotoxicity. TPNs can effectively penetrate inside cells, escape from endo/lysosomes, and release nucleic acids in response to intracellular glutathione to exert biological functions. To demonstrate the in vivo application, an anti‐caspase‐3 small interfering ribonucleic acid is loaded into TPNs to treat concanavalin A‐induced acute hepatitis, and excellent therapeutic efficacy is obtained in combination with the intrinsic activities of TPNs vector. This work provides a simple, versatile, and cost‐effective gene delivery strategy. Given the biocompatibility and intrinsic biofunctions, this TPNs‐based gene vector holds great potential to treat various diseases.

Advanced gene nanocarriers/scaffolds in nonviral-mediated delivery system for tissue regeneration and repair

“…Cationic polymers with ionizable head groups can bind and condense DNA into small molecular structures to carry targeting genes for disease treatment [94]. Efficient transfer and cell internalization of DNAs are regulated through electrostatic interactions between cationic lipids and negatively charged nucleic acids or plasma membrane components [95]. For example, the aminebased cationic materials, including polylysine, polyamidoamine (PAMAM), PBAEs, poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI), cationic dendrimers, and chitosan, have also been explored as DNA vectors for gene delivery and therapy [96][97][98].…”

Tea Polyphenol-Derived Nanomedicine for Targeted Photothermal Thrombolysis and Inflammation Suppression

“…TPNs have demonstrated remarkable free radical scavenging and anti-in ammatory characteristics, rendering them useful in the treatment of in ammatory disorders. [18,19] Our study reveals that TPNs inherently possess photothermal capabilities, which can be signi cantly augmented by the incorporation of indocyanine green (ICG), an FDA-approved near-infrared photosensitizer. EGCG's unique molecular interactions with ICG facilitate the e cient loading of ICG into TPNs via a straightforward assembly procedure, resulting in TPNs/ICG (Scheme 1a).…”

Supramolecular self-assembly of EGCG-selenomethionine nanodrug for treating osteoarthritis

“…However, EGCG possesses limited solubility and is susceptible to air oxidation, resulting in reduced bioavailability and restricted clinical application [ 20 ]. The development of nanodrug formulations offers an opportunity to overcome the limitations posed by EGCG monomers [ [21] , [22] , [23] ]. Nevertheless, existing techniques, such as polymer coupling and metal coordination, involve complex synthesis processes and the use of templates, which undoubtedly affect the biological activity of polyphenols and increase their potential biological toxicity [ [24] , [25] , [26] ].…”