A geospatial analysis of Samudra Tapu and Gepang Gath glacial lakes in the Chandra Basin, Western Himalaya

Patel, Lavkush Kumar; Sharma, Parmanand; Laluraj, C. M.; Thamban, Meloth; Singh, Ajit; Ravindra, Rasik

doi:10.1007/s11069-017-2743-4

Cited by 41 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…These methods of volume estimation of ice-dammed and moraine-dammed lakes have been widely tested in the Himalayas (Cook and Quincey, 2015;Rashid and Majeed, 2018) besides Western Canada () and the Swiss Alps () respectively. Another approach for estimation of mean depth of dammed lake in the Indian Himalaya proposed by Patel et al (2017) was also used to estimate volume of water in ice-dammed lake associated with Shisper Glacier surge.…”

Section: Estimation Of Peak Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

The January 2018 to September 2019 surge of Shisper Glacier, Pakistan, detected from remote sensing observations

et al. 2020

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This study analysed the actively surging Shisper Glacier in the Karakoram region of Pakistan using earth observation data from Landsat OLI and Planet images. Changes in the surface glacier velocity, supraglacial moraines and debris cover were assessed using Landsat 8 data at monthly time-steps from January 2018 to May 2019. High resolution data from Planet Labs was used to precisely detect the snout advance and ice-dammed lake expansion. Downstream cross-section profiles of the valley were generated using a moderate resolution digital elevation model to assess the inundation in the event of rapid ice-dammed lake drainage. Correlation Image Analysis Software working on the principle of normalized crosscorrelation was used to generate time series monthly surface velocity profiles for Shisper Glacier. Manual digitization at 1:30000 scale was used to delineate supraglacial moraines and supraglacial debris cover. The glacier surface velocity profiles indicate that the ablation zone of the glacier continues to be in an active surge phase resulting in advance of the snout and expansion of the ice-dammed lake. Surface glacier velocities are as high as 48 m d-1. Between 18 December 2018 and 8 May 2019, the glacier snout advanced at ~6 m d-1 with a total overall advance of 860 m. The lake formed due to damming of outflow stream from Mochowar Glacier expanded to its maximum area (29.69 ha) in May 2019 before drainage started on 23 June 2019. Our estimates indicate that the peak discharge in case of rapid drainage could vary between 5033 m 3 s-1 and 6167 m 3 s-1 and potentially affect infrastructure downstream.

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Section: Estimation Of Peak Dischargementioning

confidence: 99%

The January 2018 to September 2019 surge of Shisper Glacier, Pakistan, detected from remote sensing observations

et al. 2020

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“…All the glaciers under observation in the Chandra basin in Western Himalaya during the last 4-5 years have shown cumulative negative mass balance (Sharma et al, 2016a;Patel et al, 2016), which in terms of retreat are similar to other glaciers elsewhere in the Himalaya, except Karakoram region (e.g. see Section 2.2.2 and references therein).…”

Section: Mass Balance: Influence Of Debris Covermentioning

confidence: 67%

Gravity and Geodetic Studies in India : Historical Observations and Advances During the Past Decade

Srinivas¹,

Tiwari²

2018

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

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The present review takes stock of the growth of crysospheric research in India with reference to glaciers and snow in the Himalaya, which are sensitive marker of the climate change. Overview of the snout and mass balance data indicates accentuated rate of glacier recession during the 1970's and 1980's, particularly in the Central and NE Himalaya. Like elsewhere on the globe, the retreating trends are consistent with the hypothesis of the global warming resulting from the increasing anthropogenic emissions of Green Houses Gasses. In contrast, the Glaciers in the Karakoram region, Indus basin, fed by mid-latitude westerlies, show marginal advancement and/or near stagnation. The climatic influence of temperature and precipitation (monsoon-vis-a-vis-westerlies) combine in complex manner to produce heterogeneous spatial or temporal variations in glaciers, including the slow-down in glacier retreat since 1990's all along the Himalayan arc. From continuously growing monitoring, it is apparent that beside the precipitation and temperature, geometry (wide and narrow), orientation (north or south phasing) of glacier, altitude distribution in accumulation/ablation zones, debris cover, lithology of rock types, process of erosion/weathering, atmospheric chemistry (black carbon) control the variability in glacier mass and hydrology. Quantification of various forcing parameters to allow their use in prediction of melt water contribution to perennial rivers is an important area of future research. Road map of future glacier-climate-hydrology studies, on the lines of ongoing studies in Antarctica-Arctic, is drawn with strong recommendations to establish National Institute of Glaciology.

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“…(Figure 4). Between 1971 and 2004, this proglacial lake had expanded from 0.1 to 0.8 km 2 (Patel et al, 2017). Over the past 10 years, the glacier behind the proglacial lake has retreated by a distance of 300 m, and the lake may further expand in the future (Worni et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such continuous calving activities at the massive glacier tongue could possibly trigger the dam breach process (Benn and Evans, 2010;Iturrizaga, 2011;Worni et al, 2013). Therefore, if collapsed, even the existing Gepang Gath proglacial lake has a high damage potential (Patel et al, 2017). Further, when the existing proglacial lake and PFGL GG_lake_1 combine, the resultant larger proglacial lake would present an even higher damage potential in terms of GLOF.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between the years 2000 and 2017, no significant variation in the proglacial lake area was detected, unlike the case of Gepang Gath Glacier lake. Between 1971 and 2014, the area of this lake had increased from 0.2 to 1.2 km 2 (Patel et al, 2017), and its area in 2017 was calculated as 1.26 km 2 . In the future, this proglacial lake ( Figure 7B) would expand further in the face of continuous glacier retreat to attain an area of 2.47 km 2 (referred to as Combined PFGL ST_lake_1).…”

Section: Validation Exercise On Anticipation Of Current Glacial Lake mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of Potential Sites for Future Lake Formation and Expansion of Existing Lakes in Glaciers of Chandra Basin, Western Himalayas, India

Pandit

Ramsankaran

2020

Front. Earth Sci.

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Disappearance of mountain glaciers and formation/expansion of glacial lakes are among the most distinguishable and dynamic impacts of climate warming in the Himalayas. The present research focuses on the identification of potential sites for future lake formation in the 65 selected study glaciers of Chandra basin located in the western Himalayas. The study adopted stress-driven, physics-based GlabTop2_IITB model to obtain the ice-thickness distribution, which was then used to extract the bedrock topography. Based on the overdeepenings determined from the derived glacier bed topographies, a total of 350 potential future glacial lakes (PFGLs) were identified, and a detailed highresolution database of these lakes was generated. The identified PFGLs were found to occupy an area of 49.56 km 2 , corresponding to 8.4% of the current total area of the 65 study glaciers (591 km 2). The total storage volume of these PFGLs was estimated as 1.08 ± 0.16 km 3. In our study region, 20 PFGLs were identified as potentially hazardous in the event of glacial lake outburst flood occurrence, and their combined storage volume was found to be more than 10 6 m 3 , which calls for continuous monitoring of the glaciers in this region.

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A geospatial analysis of Samudra Tapu and Gepang Gath glacial lakes in the Chandra Basin, Western Himalaya

Cited by 41 publications

References 30 publications

The January 2018 to September 2019 surge of Shisper Glacier, Pakistan, detected from remote sensing observations

The January 2018 to September 2019 surge of Shisper Glacier, Pakistan, detected from remote sensing observations

Gravity and Geodetic Studies in India : Historical Observations and Advances During the Past Decade

Identification of Potential Sites for Future Lake Formation and Expansion of Existing Lakes in Glaciers of Chandra Basin, Western Himalayas, India

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