“…According to the deterministic optimization methods for solving nonconvex nonlinear problems [29,33,38,39,48,49,[53][54][55][56], the inverse or logarithmic transformation is required to be approximated by the piecewise linearization function. For example, the function = ln or = −1 is required to be piecewisely linearized by using an appropriate breakpoint selection strategy, if a new break point is added at the midpoint of each interval of existing break points or at the point with largest approximation error, the number of line segments becomes double in each iteration.…”