A Global Perspective on the Environmental Impact of Golf

Wheeler, Kit; Nauright, John

doi:10.1080/17430430600673449

Cited by 104 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For example, a major sport event, such as the FIFA World Cup of soccer, has the energy impact equivalent to 3 million kilowatt hours of energy (similar to the energy consumption needed to meet the demands of 700 household's annually in Europe) [18]. Further, sports such as skiing [19,20], ice hockey [21], and golf [22] have also been noted for their impact on the environment. Emery indicates that an -outward looking global focus of more sustainable management practice‖ [23] is a desirable goal.…”

Section: Sport the Environment And Energy Usagementioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Energy Initiatives at Canadian Sport Stadiums: A Content Analysis of Web-Site Communications

Chard

Mallen

2013

Sustainability

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Abstract:Researchers have positioned renewable energy as sustainable and able to mitigate environmental issues associated with fossil fuels. Further, sustainable initiatives have been offered as a point of differentiation for brands. In order to reap the benefits of such differentiation, managers must communicate the initiatives to relevant stakeholders. The research question guiding the current investigation thus was: What is the communication by Canadian sport stadium operators to calls for sustainable initiatives, specifically in the area of renewable energy? The examination included the 15 sport stadiums that hosted a professional team in Canada and their web-based stadium communications on renewable energy (SCORE). Understandings and competencies in renewable energy are proposed as a new function of sport stadium management; communication of these competencies is seen as a key point of differentiation and best practice.

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Section: Sport the Environment And Energy Usagementioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Energy Initiatives at Canadian Sport Stadiums: A Content Analysis of Web-Site Communications

Chard

Mallen

2013

Sustainability

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“…These comprise a range of consequences including overconsumption of scarce resources (i.e., land, water, soil, energy), soil and water pollution, ecosystem degradation, socio-economic inequalities and induced, often unplanned, tourism and residential development (Briassoulis, 2002(Briassoulis, , 2007. As Wheeler and Nauright (2006) point out, the detrimental effects associated with golf course development and operation concern the clearing of natural vegetation, deforestation, destruction of natural landscapes and habitats and changes in local topography and hydrology, while the use of chemicals (i.e., fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides and fungicides) on golf courses may pose a health risk to humans and wildlife.…”

Section: Golf As a Form Of Tourism Development And Its Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the one hand, there is evidence that golf has adopted organizational citizenship practices and become an environmentally friendly sport (Husin et al, 2012;Limehouse et al, 2010). On the other hand, it is argued that the growth of golf tourism engenders considerable risks to the sustainable development of destinations, and hence, raises serious controversies in local communities between proponents of golf's beneficial effects on tourism and economy and opponents who call attention to the adverse environmental, economic and socio-cultural consequences of golf Briassoulis, 2007Briassoulis, , 2010Briassoulis, , 2011Davis and Morais, 2004;Neo, 2010;Palmer, 2004;Perkins et al, 2010;Wheeler and Nauright, 2006). As Perkins et al (2010) point out, despite the contentious nature of golf tourism, which is characterized by oversupply, social exclusionism/displacement, environmental resource over-consumption, pollution and degradation as well as expansionist developmental politics overlooking social justice and equal distribution of benefits, the game has matured worldwide embodying a constellation of economic practices and social issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring perceptions for Cyprus as a sustainable golf destination: motivational and attitudinal orientations of golf tourists

Boukas

Ziakas

2013

IJSMM

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The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of golf tourists in Cyprus about their golf holiday experience and the sustainable character of golf practices through a series of statements that examines their motivation for traveling to Cyprus and the corresponding attributes of the Cypriot golf tourist product that they experienced. A survey was administered in three golf courses on the island (n=103). Results show that the major motives of golf tourists to visit Cyprus include the island's natural characteristics, the friendly environment and the unique experience while accompanying friends. Furthermore, their perceptions concern elements regarding their social interaction, environment, and relaxation. Specifically, respondents who consider golf an important motive for travelling to Cyprus and those who agree that golf in Cyprus offers opportunities with ideal conditions are more satisfied than those who do not. The findings 2 of this study provide insight for the Cypriot tourism policy-makers to understand the perceptions of golf tourists and hence to design accordingly the golf tourism product of Cyprus. Also, an integrative model is proposed for examining the motivation and perceptions of golf tourists in relation to attributes that can shape meaningful experiences and the sustainable development of golf tourism. It is suggested that this line of inquiry in conjunction with qualitative approaches can be a useful perspective in examining comprehensively the meaning and shaping of sport tourist experiences within a sustainability context.

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“…A content analysis by Mallen, Stevens and Adams (2011), however, revealed a low level (n=17) of sport ES manuscripts in 21 sport-related journals published from 1987 to 2008. Examples of topics in this literature include environmental impacts of sport (Weiss, Norden, Hilscher & Vanreusel, 1998), greening the Olympics (Cantelon & Letters, 2000;Lenskyj, 1998;Loland, 2006;Preuss, 2007), and golf (Wheeler & Nauright, 2006). Interestingly, although marketing has the majority of the sport research (Mahoney, 2008), there was a noticeable void of marketing-ES studies in the sport journals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marketing and Environmental Sustainability in the Sport Sector: Developing a Research Agenda for Action

Chard¹,

Mallen²,

Bradish³

2012

JMS

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Authoritative discourse within the literature indicates a realization that sport impacts the natural environment (Brooks, 2006; Cachay, 1993;Lenskyj, 1998) and that environmental sustainability (ES) in sport management is emerging as a topic of concern. The number of sport-related journal articles focusing on environmental sustainability (ES), however has been found to be insufficient (Mallen, Stevens and Adams, 2011). The purpose of this study, thus, was to complete a content analysis of management journals to reveal marketing-ES literature to underscore the development of a sport marketing-ES research agenda. The premise was that the understandings concerning the outlook, perceptions, opinions and viewpoints in the marketing-ES manuscripts will enhance the capacity of researchers in developing a research agenda in sport marketing-ES. The methods involved content analysis steps provided by Krippendorff (1980), Weber (1985, and Wolfe, Hoeber and Babiak (2002) including: establishing the sampling units, the unit of text, the coding themes and sub-themes, analytical factors and coding mode. The data analysis framework involved the use of key marketing concepts: the consumer perspective (Aaker, 1996) and the corporate perspective (Knapp, 2000), along with the concept of influencers (Davis & Dunn, 2002). In sum, the examination involved 49 journals published from 1999 to 2009. Key findings included 63 marketing-ES manuscripts and their concepts, themes and sub-themes, along with their perspectives and influencers that were applied to construct 30 questions to develop a sport marketing-ES research agenda. It is time for sport researchers to generate a robust research response to the marketing-ES questions.

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A Global Perspective on the Environmental Impact of Golf

Cited by 104 publications

References 8 publications

Renewable Energy Initiatives at Canadian Sport Stadiums: A Content Analysis of Web-Site Communications

Renewable Energy Initiatives at Canadian Sport Stadiums: A Content Analysis of Web-Site Communications

Exploring perceptions for Cyprus as a sustainable golf destination: motivational and attitudinal orientations of golf tourists

Marketing and Environmental Sustainability in the Sport Sector: Developing a Research Agenda for Action

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