A global view of the atmospheric lunar semidiurnal tide

Paulino, Ana Roberta; Batista, P. P.; Batista, I. S.

doi:10.1002/2013jd019818

Cited by 29 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…It is well‐known that during northern winter months, there are significant longitudinal differences in the stratosphere and MLT dynamics [e.g., Hoffmann et al , ]. Similarly, Paulino et al [] has reported longitudinal variations of M 2 amplitudes within ±50° latitudes using MLT temperatures from SABER. These observations point to the importance of the nonmigrating components of the lunar tides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Upper mesospheric lunar tides over middle and high latitudes during sudden stratospheric warming events

et al. 2015

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In recent years there have been a series of reported ground‐ and satellite‐based observations of lunar tide signatures in the equatorial and low latitude ionosphere/thermosphere around sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) events. This lower atmosphere/ionosphere coupling has been suggested to be via the E region dynamo. In this work we present the results of analyzing 6 years of hourly upper mesospheric winds from specular meteor radars over a midlatitude (54°N) station and a high latitude (69°N) station. Instead of correlating our results with typical definitions of SSWs, we use the definition of polar vortex weaking (PVW) used by Zhang and Forbes (). This definition provides a better representation of the strength in middle atmospheric dynamics that should be responsible for the waves propagating to the E region. We have performed a wave decomposition on hourly wind data in 21 day segments, shifted by 1 day. In addition to the radar wind data, the analysis has been applied to simulations from Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Extended version and the thermosphere‐ionosphere‐mesosphere electrodynamics general circulation model. Our results indicate that the semidiurnal lunar tide (M2) enhances in northern hemispheric winter months, over both middle and high latitudes. The time and magnitude of M2 are highly correlated with the time and associated zonal wind of PVW. At middle/high latitudes, M2 in the upper mesosphere occurs after/before the PVW. At both latitudes, the maximum amplitude of M2 is directly proportional to the strength of PVW westward wind. We have found that M2 amplitudes could be comparable to semidiurnal solar tide amplitudes, particularly around PVW and equinoxes. Besides these general results, we have also found peculiarities in some events, particularly at high latitudes. These peculiarities point to the need of considering the longitudinal features of the polar stratosphere and the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere regions. For example, during SSW 2009, we found that M2 enhances many days before PVW which is not in agreement with most of our results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Upper mesospheric lunar tides over middle and high latitudes during sudden stratospheric warming events

et al. 2015

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“…Most previous studies on the atmospheric lunar tide focused on the migrating (i.e., Moon‐synchronous) component (Forbes et al, ; Lieberman et al, ; Zhang & Forbes, ). An exception is the work by Paulino et al (), which took into account possible contributions by nonmigrating (i.e., not Moon‐synchronous) tides. They performed a spectrum analysis of the M 2 tide in the temperature data taken from the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument on board the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics Dynamics (TIMED) satellite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Variation of the Lunar Tide in the Equatorial Electrojet

et al. 2017

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The atmospheric lunar tide is one known source of ionospheric variability. The subject received renewed attention as recent studies found a link between stratospheric sudden warmings and amplified lunar tidal perturbations in the equatorial ionosphere. There is increasing evidence from ground observations that the lunar tidal influence on the ionosphere depends on longitude. We use magnetic field measurements from the CHAMP satellite during July 2000 to September 2010 and from the two Swarm satellites during November 2013 to February 2017 to determine, for the first time, the complete seasonal‐longitudinal climatology of the semidiurnal lunar tidal variation in the equatorial electrojet intensity. Significant longitudinal variability is found in the amplitude of the lunar tidal variation, while the longitudinal variability in the phase is small. The amplitude peaks in the Peruvian sector (∼285°E) during the Northern Hemisphere winter and equinoxes, and in the Brazilian sector (∼325°E) during the Northern Hemisphere summer. There are also local amplitude maxima at ∼55°E and ∼120°E. The longitudinal variation is partly due to the modulation of ionospheric conductivities by the inhomogeneous geomagnetic field. Another possible cause of the longitudinal variability is neutral wind forcing by nonmigrating lunar tides. A tidal spectrum analysis of the semidiurnal lunar tidal variation in the equatorial electrojet reveals the dominance of the westward propagating mode with zonal wave number 2 (SW2), with secondary contributions by westward propagating modes with zonal wave numbers 3 (SW3) and 4 (SW4). Eastward propagating waves are largely absent from the tidal spectrum. Further study will be required for the relative importance of ionospheric conductivities and nonmigrating lunar tides.

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“…In the present study, the lunar tidal amplitudes are found to be weaker over Pacific sector. Both Paulino et al [] and Pedatella and Forbes [] observed longitudinal variations in the lunar tide in temperature and GPS‐TEC, respectively, and attributed them to the presence of nonmigrating tides. The ocean and solid earth tidal forcing can generate the nonmigrating tides, which may propagate vertically and generate significant longitudinal variability [ Vial and Forbes , ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar and lunar tidal variabilities in GPS‐TEC and geomagnetic field variations: Seasonal as well as during the sudden stratospheric warming of 2010

Sridharan

2017

JGR Space Physics

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) deduced total electron content (TEC) data at 15°N (geomagnetic), which is the northern crest region of equatorial ionization anomaly, are used to study solar and lunar tidal variabilities during the years 2008 and 2009 and also during the 2009–2010 winter, when a major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) event has occurred. The diurnal and semidiurnal tidal amplitudes show semiannual variation with maximum amplitudes during February–March and September–November, whereas terdiurnal tide is larger during April–September. They show significant longitudinal variability with larger (smaller) amplitudes over 250°E–150°E (200°E–250°E). Lunar semidiurnal tidal amplitudes show sporadic enhancements during northern winter months and negligible amplitudes during northern summer months. They also show notable longitudinal variabilities. The solar migrating tides DW1 and SW2 show semiannual variation with larger amplitudes during spring equinox months, whereas TW3 maximizes during northern summer. DW2 shows larger amplitudes during summer months. During the SSW, except TW3, the migrating tides DW1 and SW2 show considerable enhancements. Among solar nonmigrating tides, SW1, TW2, and DS0 show larger enhancements. Solar tides in TEC and equatorial electrojet strength over Tirunelveli vary with the time scale of 60 days during October 2009–March 2010 similar to ozone mass mixing ratio at 10 hPa, and this confirms the vital role of ozone in tidal variabilities in ionospheric parameters. Lunar tidal amplitudes in changes in horizontal component of geomagnetic field (ΔH) are larger over Tirunelveli, a station near dip equator. Solar semidiurnal tides in ΔH have larger amplitudes than lunar tides over polar stations, Mawson and Godhavn.

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A global view of the atmospheric lunar semidiurnal tide

Cited by 29 publications

References 33 publications

Upper mesospheric lunar tides over middle and high latitudes during sudden stratospheric warming events

Upper mesospheric lunar tides over middle and high latitudes during sudden stratospheric warming events

Longitudinal Variation of the Lunar Tide in the Equatorial Electrojet

Solar and lunar tidal variabilities in GPS‐TEC and geomagnetic field variations: Seasonal as well as during the sudden stratospheric warming of 2010

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