Atmospheric lunar semidiurnal tides are studied using 10 years of temperature data collected by the Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics/Sounding of the Atmosphere Using Broadband Emission Radiometry satellite. The amplitudes and phases in the temperature field are calculated by performing least mean square fit in a data set of about 60 day interval (combining ascending and descending data together). The mean tidal structures are studied for the height range from 20 to 120 km, between ±50° latitude and centered on each month from February 2002 to January 2012. A clear signature of the 12.42 h (lunar semidiurnal tide) is observed in the data. Characteristic of propagating waves is observed in the vertical amplitude and phase profiles in almost all heights. The best conditions of propagation for the lunar semidiurnal tide are reached in the lower thermosphere region. Asymmetry between the hemispheres and seasonal variability is observed in the amplitudes of the tide. Longitudinal variations are also observed, which reveals the existence of nonmigrating components in addition to the dominant migrating lunar tide.

Abstract. Periodic waves were observed in the OI6300 airglow images over São João do Cariri (36.5∘ W, 7.4∘ S) from 2012 to 2014 with simultaneous observations of the thermospheric wind using two Fabry–Pérot interferometers (FPIs). The FPIs measurements were carried out at São João do Cariri and Cajazeiras (38.5∘ W, 6.9∘ S). The observed spectral characteristics of these waves (period and wavelength) as well the propagation direction were estimated using two-dimensional Fourier analysis in the airglow images. The horizontal thermospheric wind was calculated from the Doppler shift of the OI6300 data extracted from interference fringes registered by the FPIs. Combining these two techniques, the intrinsic parameters of the periodic waves were estimated and analyzed. The spectral parameters of the periodic waves were quite similar to the previous observations at São João do Cariri. The intrinsic periods for most of the waves were shorter than the observed periods, as a consequence, the intrinsic phase speeds were faster compared to the observed phase speeds. As a consequence, these waves can easily propagate into the thermosphere–ionosphere since the fast gravity waves can skip turning and critical levels. The strength and direction of the wind vector in the thermosphere must be the main cause for the observed anisotropy in the propagation direction of the periodic waves, even if the sources of these waves are assumed to be isotropic. Keywords. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (waves and tides)

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