A glutathione-S-transferase (TuGSTd05) associated with acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae directly metabolizes the complex II inhibitor cyflumetofen

BACKGROUND Cyflumetofen is an outstanding acaricide with a novel mode of action. Tetranychus cinnabarinus, an important agricultural pest, is notorious for developing resistance to most classes of acaricides rapidly and results in enormous loss for the economy. Our previous study had pointed out glutathione S‐transferase (GSTs) significantly contributed to the cyflumetofen‐resistance formation in T. cinnabarinus, but the more specific mechanism needed to be further investigated. RESULTS The unstable resistance was observed in cyflumetofen‐resistant strain (CyR)under acaricide‐free condition. The activity of GSTs increased along with the development of resistance. The expressions of 13 GST genes were detected in CyR and susceptible strain (SS), of which six genes were overexpressed in CyR and the TcGSTm02 was selected as the representative for functional study. The expression of TcGSTm02 changed along with the resistant level of CyR with the same trend. Recombinant protein of TcGSTm02 with high activity was successfully obtained by E. coli expression system, whose activity could be inhibited by cyflumetofen (IC50 = 0.23 mM). Recombinant TcGSTm02 could effectively decompose cyflumetofen, and catalyze GS− to conjugate with cyflumetofen. CONCLUSION All clues confirmed that GSTs strongly associated with cyflumetofen‐resistance and a representative gene, TcGSTm02, showed function on contributing the evolution of cyflumetofen‐resistance in T. cinnabarinus. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Stability of cyflumetofen resistance in Tetranychus cinnabarinus and its correlation with glutathione‐S‐transferase gene expression

Feng

Yang

Wen

et al. 2019

“…This might result in the V max and K m values of BdGSTd10 being higher than BdGSTd1. GSTs can interact with, or be inhibited by, hexythiazox, cyflumetofen, pyridaben, bifenthrin, abamectin, and clofentezine in Tetranychus urticae . However, knowledge of malathion inhibition of GSTs activity in B. dorsalis is meager.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, mutation of GSTe2 can metabolize DDT directly in A. funestus . TuGSTd5 associated with acaricide resistance in T. urticae directly can metabolize the complex II inhibitor cyflumetofen . In addition, GSTs can be inhibited or can sequester OPs in Chironomus tentans .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two delta class glutathione S‐transferases involved in the detoxification of malathion in Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)

Meng

Yuan

et al. 2019

BACKGROUND The oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), a widespread agricultural pest, has evolved resistance to many insecticides, including organophosphorus compounds. Glutathione S‐transferases (GSTs) are involved in xenobiotic detoxification and insecticide resistance in many insects. However, the role of delta class GSTs in detoxifying malathion in B. dorsalis is unknown. Here, we evaluated the roles of two delta class GSTs in malathion detoxification in this species. RESULTS Two delta class GSTs genes, BdGSTd1 and BdGSTd10, were characterized in B. dorsalis. They were highly expressed in 5‐day‐old adults, as well as in midgut and Malpighian tubules. Upon malathion exposure, the two genes were upregulated by 2.63‐ and 2.85‐fold, respectively. Injection of double‐stranded RNA targeting BdGSTd1 or BdGSTd10 significantly reduced their mRNA levels in adults and also significantly increased adult susceptibility to malathion. The expression of these two GSTs in Escherichia coli helped the host to endure malathion stress at a concentration of 10 µg mL−1 according to a Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay. High‐performance liquid chromatography analyses indicated that malathion could be significantly depleted by the two delta GSTs. The role of BdGSTd10 in malathion sequestration was also discussed. CONCLUSION BdGSTd1 and BdGSTd10 play important roles in the detoxification of malathion in B. dorsalis. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

Functional analysis of four upregulated carboxylesterase genes associated with fenpropathrin resistance in Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval)

Peng

Liu

et al. 2018