A gramática social da desigualdade brasileira

Habitus of social security in the lifestyles of rural families: the case of the São Miguel do Anta and Piranga municipalities in Zona da Mata Mineira, Brazil

“…Therefore, they were gradually able to obtain home appliances and furniture they desired, planning subsequent improvements to be made in their houses. As observed by SOUZA (2006), the elderly life habitus is transformed by receiving a rural retirement income, pushing them closer to secondary habitus through the institutionalization of social security habitus in their lives. Receiving the benefit provided access to money, and this becomes a mediator for the incorporation of living standards closer to those of urban population as pointed out by REIS et al (2015).…”

“…Based on BOURDIEU's (1980) concept of habitus, Souza (2006) proposed the concept of rustic habitus applied to contexts of late modernity-such as the one experienced in Brazil that are characterized by patterns of inequality that generate sub-citizens. According to SOUZA (2006), rustic habitus refers to practices situated below the threshold of primary habitus; which expresses the marginalization of individuals prior to the modernization process.…”

“…According to SOUZA (2006), rustic habitus refers to practices situated below the threshold of primary habitus; which expresses the marginalization of individuals prior to the modernization process. This process would lead sub-citizens into the periphery of society because of a lack of resources, opportunities and "social acknowledgement".…”

“…Applying SOUZA's (2006) concept to the situation experienced by the rural elderly, one could associate secondary habitus to the process of institutionalizing access to rural social security in the lives of families with retired individuals. By receiving this benefit, most families with retirees could afford the possibility of restructuring the concepts they had previously held.…”

Representação política de atores cívicos entre a imediaticidade da experiência e discursos de justificação

“…Usualmente, a maioria das pessoas não são politicamente ativas numa base permanente, e questões de identidades ou de interesse comum são politizadas por algum subsetor desses grupos (Philips, 1995;Young, 1990Young, , 2000Dovi, 2002;Mansbridge, 2003, McBride, 2005. Além disso, pessoas em desvantagem podem não usufruir das condições mínimas que lhes permitam ter autonomia individual e política; sofrem de destituição extrema, vulnerabilidade, opressão e ausên-cia de liberdade (Sen, 1999;Souza, 2006;Bohman, 2007b). Esperar que elas "conquistem a própria voz", para conferir autenticidade e legitimidade às suas demandas, ou, então, esperar que se engajem em movimentos de contestação na esfera pública para processar seus projetos emancipatórios, pode ser um modo de relegar esses sujeitos à própria sorte, deixando inalterado o status quo.…”