A grazing height target to minimize tiller stem elongation rate in annual ryegrass swards

Santos, Gabriela Trevisan; Zanini, Guilherme Doneda; Padilha, Deisy Andrade; Sbrissia, André Fischer

doi:10.1590/0103-8478cr20141508

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Adicionalmente, é possível que essa cultivar tenha se beneficiado da disponibilidade de nutrientes, não priorizando somente a produção de folhas, mas também de pseudocolmos. Segundo Santos et al (2016), a taxa de alongamento de colmos em perfilhos de azevém anual aumenta rapidamente quando os pastos atingem 18 cm de altura, mesmo onde há uma relativa baixa competição por luz (ou seja, em pastos semeados em linha), uma vez que o alongamento de colmos parece ser um processo inevitável.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Os pastos foram rebaixados por meio de "mob-grazing", com equinos da raça Crioulo e alturas em pré-e pós-pastejo de 25 e 10 cm, respectivamente. As metas de manejo foram baseadas em resultados prévios obtidos por Santos et al (2016), onde pastos de azevém anual manejados com alturas em pré-pastejo entre 15-25 cm e rebaixados para 8 cm, não apresentavam diferenças nas taxas de acúmulo de folhas.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

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Fluxo de tecidos e acúmulo de forragem de cultivares diploides e tetraploides de azevém anual sob lotação intermitente / Tissue flows and forage accumulation of diploid and tetraploid cultivars of annual ryegrass under intermittent stocking

Kagimura¹,

Zatta²,

Aiolfi³

et al. 2021

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar os ritmos de crescimento e acúmulo de forragem de cultivares diploides (2n) e tetraploides (4n) de azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) sob lotação intermitente. As cultivares avaliadas foram: BRS Estações e Nibbio (2n); Barjumbo e KLM 138 (4n). Os pastos foram rebaixados por meio de "mob-grazing", com equinos da raça Crioulo e alturas em pré-e pós-pastejo de 25 e 10 cm, respectivamente. As variáveis analisadas foram: taxa de alongamento, aparecimento e senescência foliar; duração de vida das folhas; taxa de alongamento de colmos; densidade populacional de perfilhos; comprimento e número de lâminas foliares por perfilho; taxa de acúmulo de forragem. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste t de "Student" (P≤0,05). De modo geral, as cultivares 4n apresentam maiores taxas de crescimento e renovação de tecidos. Entretanto, foram registradas diferenças significativas entre as cultivares dentro de um mesmo nível de ploidia, sendo que a cultivar Barjumbo mostrou-se como a mais produtiva. Frente às diferenças entre as cultivares avaliadas, recomenda-se cautela quanto a adoção de estratégias genéricas de manejo para pastos de azevém anual.Palavras-chave: fluxo de tecidos; ploidias; perfilhos marcados.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Section: Methodsunclassified

Fluxo de tecidos e acúmulo de forragem de cultivares diploides e tetraploides de azevém anual sob lotação intermitente / Tissue flows and forage accumulation of diploid and tetraploid cultivars of annual ryegrass under intermittent stocking

Kagimura¹,

Zatta²,

Aiolfi³

et al. 2021

BJDV

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“…This assumption is supported by work conducted by Amaral et al (2012), who observed a maximum STIR at a 60% defoliation level for annual ryegrass swards during the first grazing cycles. Additionally, Santos et al (2016) examined annual ryegrass pastures during vegetative stages and under intermittent stocking methods, and the results indicated no reductions in herbage and leaf production when the level of defoliation was higher than 50% of the pre-grazing height, when associated with the same post-grazing targets. Moreover, defoliation exceeding 40% of the pre-grazing sward surface height during the first grazing cycles might stimulate tillering and delay stem + pseudostem elongation, which would maintain a greater percentage of leaves in the sward (both pre-and post-grazing) throughout the growing season (Miguel et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the short‐term intake rate of herbage by heifers grazing annual grasses throughout the growing season

et al. 2017

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Annual temperate grasses go through abrupt changes in morphological composition during the growing season, which can affect ingestive behavior of grazing cattle. However, few studies have examined the effects of gradual structural changes in annual temperate pastures on the herbage intake rate during the growing season. We hypothesized that lenient grazing (removal of 40% of the initial pre‐grazing height) maintains short‐term intake rate (STIR) of grazing cattle over the entire growing season, even with decreased leaf/stem ratios. The studied pastures contained Avena strigosa, Lolium multiflorum and a mixture of the two species. Short‐term intake rate was measured using the double weighing technique, evaluating both bite rate and bite mass. The percentage of stem + pseudostem and leaf lamina lengths in the herbage mass were measured. Relationships between sward structure and animal ingestive behavior were also examined. As the pasture growing season progressed, the STIR of heifers grazing annual temperate grass swards was affected more by the time required to take a bite than by bite mass. Moreover, the sward structure also changed after each grazing cycle, reducing the pre‐grazing leaf/stem ratio. However, reductions in the pre‐grazing leaf lamina mass (up to 37% of the sward herbage mass) and/or in the leaf lamina length (up to 52% of the extended tiller height) did not affect the STIR of grazing heifers, since the animals maintained their bite mass and time per bite. In summary, with a grazing down target of 40% of the pre‐grazing height, reductions in STIR of heifers grazing annual temperate grasses occurred when the pre‐grazing leaf lamina percentage was <37% of the sward herbage mass and/or <52% of the extended tiller height. These results suggested that to avoid STIR reductions during the last grazing cycles, managements to stimulate tillering and delay stem + pseudostem elongation are necessary and should be investigated.

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“…The pastures were managed under an intermittent stocking method with pre-grazing heights of 23, 17 and 20 cm for black oat, annual ryegrass and intercropped pastures, respectively. The pre-grazing height used for annual ryegrass was determined based on previous experiments, which indicated an elevated stem elongation rate starting from 18 cm (Santos et al , 2016). For black oat, because of a lack of information, height was determined by plant structure, which is slightly taller compared to annual ryegrass, generating an intermediate height between both species for the intercropped pastures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Tillering Dynamics of Intercropped Black Oat and Annual Ryegrass Ensure a Stable Sward

et al. 2017

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SUMMARYMixing species with different tillering peaks may enhance pasture stability, but intercropping may also alter the plants’ tillering patterns. This study aimed to evaluate tillering dynamics in black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) and annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) pastures grown as monocultures or intercropped. Three following treatments are established: black oat and annual ryegrass pastures grown as monocultures and an intercrop composed of these two species. Tillering dynamics were measured for black oat and annual ryegrass populations separately. When intercropped, tiller birth rates of black oat decreased (20.0 vs. 28.9 tillers 100 tillers−1) and those of annual ryegrass increased (30.5 vs. 14.3 tillers 100 tillers−1), compared to their monocultures. Tiller death rates for annual ryegrass did not differ between monoculture and intercropping (23.9 tillers 100 tillers−1), but black oat presented higher mortality in monocultures (48.8 vs. 36.4 tillers 100 tillers−1). The black oat monoculture had the lowest population stability index (0.80), whereas annual ryegrass in monoculture and intercropped pastures exhibited greater values (on average, 0.92). Our results indicated that black oat and annual ryegrass present distinct tillering dynamics whether grown as monoculture or intercropped, and suggest that intercropping species with elevated death rates (black oat) with later species (annual ryegrass) could be an important tool for maintaining pasture stability throughout the growing season.

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A grazing height target to minimize tiller stem elongation rate in annual ryegrass swards

Abstract: Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorumLam

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Fluxo de tecidos e acúmulo de forragem de cultivares diploides e tetraploides de azevém anual sob lotação intermitente / Tissue flows and forage accumulation of diploid and tetraploid cultivars of annual ryegrass under intermittent stocking

Fluxo de tecidos e acúmulo de forragem de cultivares diploides e tetraploides de azevém anual sob lotação intermitente / Tissue flows and forage accumulation of diploid and tetraploid cultivars of annual ryegrass under intermittent stocking

Changes in the short‐term intake rate of herbage by heifers grazing annual grasses throughout the growing season

Changes in Tillering Dynamics of Intercropped Black Oat and Annual Ryegrass Ensure a Stable Sward

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