A green ultra‐fast liquid chromatographic method for quantification of curcumin in extract of Curcuma longa L. followed by confirmation via spectroscopic techniques

Abstract

Curcumin is a principle component among the curcuminoids mixture that has diverse pharmacological properties against different phenotypes of various disease models. Present research aimed to extract (Soxhlet extractor), isolate (column chromatography), and identify (thin‐layer chromatography) the curcumin in roots and commercially available turmeric powder, and consequently its confirmation was done by spectroscopic techniques such as infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectrometry. Subsequently, its quantification was done by ultrafast liquid chromatography using a green analytical methodology approach. Combination of ethanol and water in a ratio of 95:5 %v/v, was used as a green mobile phase, whereas the detection was set at 425 nm at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. The overall run time per sample was 4.0 min with a retention time of 2.22 min, whereas calibration curve was linear from 10 to 60 μg/mL with a coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.9988. The low values of %RSD (<2%) reflect the high precision of the method. Additionally, an assessment of the greenness of the proposed method was carried out using Eco‐scale (penalty points) and national environmental methods index labeling based on a blank or green quadrant of pictogram. The proposed liquid chromatography method showed priority over the reported methods in terms of greenness having Eco‐scale value of 93 and passed the four quadrants of greenness profile.

Edible oil-based switchable-hydrophilicity solvent liquid–liquid microextraction prior to smartphone digital image colorimetry for the determination of total curcuminoids in food samples

“…This proposed method can be considered as the greenest of all since it required no organic solvents. Other methods like Soxhlet extractionvortex assisted-deep eutectic solvent microextraction (SE-VA-DES-ME) 49 and Soxhlet extraction (SE) 19 required large amounts of organic solvents (i.e., 100 and 200 mL per sample, respectively). Since they were meant for isolation purposes, however, these two methods were too slow, requiring more than 3 h per sample.…”

“…Sample preparation has always been a major challenge in analytical chemistry. Liquid–liquid extraction, 19 solid–liquid extraction, 20 solid-phase extraction, 21 ionic liquid-dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, 22 deep eutectic solvent-based extraction, 23 homogeneous liquid–liquid microextraction, 12 switchable-deep eutectic solvent microextraction, 24,25 cloud point microextraction, 26 supramolecular solvent liquid–liquid microextraction, 18 and enzyme-assisted extraction 27 have been proposed for the extraction of curcumin from a variety of samples. Despite the advantages offered by such methods, there is still a continuous demand for greener sustainable solvents to replace toxic ones and expand the list of environmentally benign substituents.…”

Modified matrix solid phase dispersion-HPLC method for determination of pesticide residue in vegetables and their impact on human health: A risk assessment

“…Under the appropriate conditions of the chromatographic method, the lowest amount of analyte that is detectable but not necessarily quantitated is the limit of detection (LOD = 3 σ/S) while the amount that is determined with acceptable accuracy and precision is the limit of quantitation (LOQ = 10 σ/S), where σ is SD (standard deviation) of interception while S is the slope of the regression curve. Detection limits determined the sensitivity of the method ( Ahmed et al, 2013 ; Ahmad et al, 2016 ; Qadir et al, 2016 ; Jehangir et al, 2020 ; Ahmed et al, 2021 ).…”

Curcumin nanoparticles: physicochemical fabrication, characterization, antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, molecular docking and simulation studies

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] In spite of its extraordinary pharmaceutical applications, the clinical application of curcumin is limited due to its low solubility, poor bioavailability, physicochemical instability, poor pharmacokinetics, and fast metabolism. [7][8][9] However, such issues can be addressed and overcome by using an effective target specic drug delivery system. To improve the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of curcumin, nano-formulations have been reported which may be launched as a drug aer effective accomplishment of preclinical and clinical trials.…”