A Guide to the Effective Use of Otoacoustic Emissions

Kemp, David T.; Ryan, Sheila; Bray, Peter

doi:10.1097/00003446-199004000-00004

Cited by 564 publications

(347 citation statements)

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“…Depressed DPOAE amplitudes at 12 kHz and below suggest OHC dysfunction or loss (Kemp, 1990) in the apical half of the basilar membrane (Müller et al, 1991). DPOAE from the basal half of the cochlea were not assessed.…”

Section: Possible Underlying Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related hearing loss in the Fischer 344/NHsd rat substrain

et al. 2008

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Studies of the F344 rat have shown a variety of age-related auditory anatomy and physiology changes. The current study was undertaken to clarify the ARHL in the F344 rat, by examining the auditory pathway of the F344/NHsd substrain that is distributed by Harlan Laboratories for research in the United States. The F344/NHsd rat begins to lose its hearing at about 12 months, and by 24 months, there are 50-60 dB auditory brainstem response threshold shifts at 20 and 40 kHz and 20 dB losses at 5-10 kHz. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) amplitudes at 1.8 to 12 kHz stimuli were depressed in the older (18-24 months) rats. Amplitude input-output functions of the compound action potential (CAP) were also depressed across frequency. The endocochlear potential (EP) was 90-100 mV in the 3 month old rats. All but one of the 24 month old rats' EPs were in the +75-85 mV range. Tympanometry revealed no differences in middle ear function between the young and older rats. Collectively, these findings suggest damage to the outer hair cells, but anatomical examination of the outer hair cells revealed a relative lack of cell loss compared to the magnitude of the hearing and DPOAE loss.

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Section: Possible Underlying Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related hearing loss in the Fischer 344/NHsd rat substrain

et al. 2008

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“…Stimuli in the nonlinear presentation paradigm were delivered in series of four tone-bursts, three at the same amplitude and polarity, and the fourth with an amplitude three times greater and inverted polarity (principle described by Kemp et al, 1990). Stimuli were presented at an inter-stimulus interval of 20.48 ms and two replicate ('A' and 'B' responses, which resulted from 260 averages each, were recorded.…”

Section: Instrumentation and Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SPL. In both these studies, however, the responses at the highest stimulus level (which exhibited suppression) were also obtained using the "nonlinear" presentation paradigm often used in TEOAE measurements (Kemp et al, 1990). In contrast, responses at the lower stimulus levels (which did not exhibit suppression) were obtained using the more simple "linear" presentation paradigm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous suppression of tone burst-evoked otoacoustic emissions – Effect of level and presentation paradigm

Killan

Kapadia

2006

Hearing Research

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There is conflict in the literature over whether individual frequency components of a transient-evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) are generated within relatively independent "channels" along the basilar membrane (BM), or whether each component may be generated by widespread areas of the BM. Two previous studies on TEOAE suppression are consistent with generation within largely independent channels, but with a degree of interaction between nearby channels. However, both these studies reported significant suppression only at high stimulus levels, at which the "nonlinear" presentation paradigm was used. The present study clarifies the separate influences of stimulus level and presentation paradigm on this type of suppression. TEOAEs were recorded using stimulus tonebursts at 1, 2 and 3 kHz and a complex stimulus consisting of a digital addition of the three tonebursts, over a range of stimulus levels and both "linear" and "nonlinear" presentation paradigms. Responses to the individual tonebursts were combined offline and compared with responses to the complex stimuli. Results clearly demonstrate that TEOAE suppression under these conditions is dependent upon stimulus level, and not upon presentation paradigm. It is further argued that the data support the "local" rather than "widespread" model of TEOAE generation, subject to nonlinear interactions between nearby generation channels.Killan EC Simultaneous Suppression of TBOAEs 3

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“…Instantaneous frequency describes the dominant frequency of the TEOAE at a given moment in time. An estimate of the timedomain noise (q ) was calculated by subtracting the averaged responses of the two collection buffers and dividing by 2 (Kemp et al 1990). The instantaneous magnitude of the noise b q À Á was subsequently calculated from the analytic signal.…”

Section: Measurement and Analysis Of Teoaesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basal Contributions to Short-Latency Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission Components

Lewis

Goodman

2014

JARO

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The presence of short-latency (SL), less compressivegrowing components in bandpass-filtered transientevoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) waveforms may implicate contributions from cochlear regions basal to the tonotopic place. Recent empirical work suggests a region of SL generation between ∼1/5 and 1/10-octave basal to the TEOAE frequency's tonotopic place. However, this estimate may be biased to regions closer to the tonotopic place as the TEOAE extraction technique precluded measurement of components with latencies shorter than ∼5 ms. Using a variant of the non-linear, double-evoked extraction paradigm that permitted extraction of components with latencies as early as 1 ms, the current study empirically estimated the spatial-extent of the cochlear region contributing to 2 kHz SL TEOAE components. TEOAEs were evoked during simultaneous presentation of a suppressor stimulus, in order to suppress contributions to the TEOAE from different places along the cochlear partition. Three or four different-latency components of similar frequency content (∼2 kHz) were identified for most subjects. Component latencies ranged from 1.4 to 9.6 ms; latency was predictive of the component's growth rate and the suppressor frequency to which the component's magnitude was most sensitive to change. As component latency decreased, growth became less compressive and suppressor-frequency sensitivity shifted to higher frequencies. The shortest-latency components were most sensitive to suppressors approximately 3/5-octave higher than their nominal frequency of 2 kHz. These results are consistent with a distributed region of generation extending to approximately 3/5-octave basal to the TEOAE frequency's tonotopic place. The empirical estimates of TEOAE generation are similar to model-based estimates where generation of the different-latency components occurs through linear reflection from impedance discontinuities distributed across the cochlear partition.

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A Guide to the Effective Use of Otoacoustic Emissions

Cited by 564 publications

References 0 publications

Age-related hearing loss in the Fischer 344/NHsd rat substrain

Age-related hearing loss in the Fischer 344/NHsd rat substrain

Simultaneous suppression of tone burst-evoked otoacoustic emissions – Effect of level and presentation paradigm

Basal Contributions to Short-Latency Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission Components

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