A Guide to the Insect Borers, Pruners, and Girdlers of Pecan and Hickory

Solomon, Jon; Payne, Jerry A.

doi:10.2737/so-gtr-64

Cited by 17 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…is characterized by the opening of galleries by adult insects through the bark directly into the sapwood, leaving grained sawdust on the outside of the entrance opening (Solomon & Payne, 1986;Boscardin & Costa, 2018). When galleries are active, they have a light coloration and no sawdust, whereas the unoccupied galleries have a dark color due to the symbiotic fungi (Solomon & Payne, 1986). These fungi reduce plant defenses and deteriorate wood, making it more nutritious for larvae and adults (Gullan & Cranston, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scolytinae species damaging Carya illinoinensis trees in southern Brazil

et al. 2020

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This study aims to report two species of Scolytinae that have been damaging Carya illinoinensis trees in southern Brazil. In two Brazilian municipalities, Guarapuava in Paraná State and Pantano Grande in the Rio Grande do Sul State, insects of the Scolytinae family were found damaging pecan trees. Infested tree samples were kept in the laboratory in glass tubes sealed with a voile tissue until the emergence of adults. After the adults' emergence, the specimens were identified by their morphological characteristics and sent to a taxonomist specialized in Scolytinae family for identification. The species Xyleborus retusus was identified causing damages to pecan trees from Guarapuava while the species Xyleborus ferrugineus was identified in pecan trees from Pantano Grande. Trees injured by these insects displayed similar symptoms in both study areas. In Guarapuava and Pantano Grande, 13 and 10 trees, respectively, died due to stem lesions caused by Xyleborus spp. Thus, this study reports for Brazilian pecan growers the occurrence of Scolytinae species X. retusus and X. ferrugineus damaging C. illinoinensis plants in southern Brazil. It also emphasizes the importance of constant crop monitoring to minimize the risk of pest damage.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These fungi reduce plant defenses and deteriorate wood, making it more nutritious for larvae and adults (Gullan & Cranston, 2014). In addition, the insect damage weakens the plant, leaving it vulnerable to disease, which may render it unfeasible for commercial purposes and even kill the host tree (Solomon & Payne, 1986).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scolytinae species damaging Carya illinoinensis trees in southern Brazil

et al. 2020

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“…It is known that E. semifuneralis is able to attack only plants having mechanical wounds, or bark damage caused by canker disease. It is also known that the pest is able to infest stems and branches of various size (Solomon and Payne, 1986). Once entered, there is therefore the possibility that the pest can spread naturally (by adult flight) within the nursery by attacking young plants accidentally damaged by machinery (for example during weed management operations, grafting, or other).…”

Section: A323 Possibility Of Spread Within the Nurserymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Symptoms caused by E. semifuneralis are not specific, e.g. sesiid borers feeding on Juglandaceae as Synanthedon scitula show similar symptoms (Solomon and Payne, 1986).…”

Section: Confusion With Other Pestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commodity risk assessment of Juglans regia plants from Turkey

Bragard¹,

Dehnen‐Schmutz²,

Serio³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. This Scientific Opinion covers the plant health risks posed by 2-year-old grafted bare rooted plants for planting of Juglans regia imported from Turkey, taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by Turkey. The relevance of any pest for this Opinion was based on evidence following defined criteria. Two EU quarantine pests, Anoplophora chinensis and Lopholeucaspis japonica, and three pests not regulated in the EU, two insects (Garella musculana, Euzophera semifuneralis) and one fungus (Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae), fulfilled all relevant criteria and were selected for further evaluation. For these pests, the risk mitigation measures proposed in the technical dossier from Turkey were evaluated by considering the possible limiting factors. For these pests, an expert judgement was given on the likelihood of pest freedom taking into consideration the risk mitigation measures acting on the pests, including uncertainties associated with the assessment. While the estimated degree of pest freedom varied among pests, Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae was the pest most frequently expected on the commodity. The expert knowledge elicitation indicated, with 95% certainty, that 9,554 or more grafted bare rooted plants per 10,000 will be free from Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae.

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“…Oak twig pruners, Anelaphus parallelus (Newman) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), oviposit at the ends of branches of living oaks ( Quercus Linnaeus; Fagaceae), black walnuts ( Juglans nigra Linnaeus; Juglandaceae), and other trees (Gosling 1978) from the eastern United States of America to Canada and westward to Texas, United States of America (Solomon and Payne 1986). Larvae feed on the woody portion of the stem, overwinter in the twig in a dormant state, and resume feeding in the centre of the twig the following spring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of twig diameter on emergence rates of the oak twig pruner (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Brown

Zuefle²,

Dombroskie

2016

Can Entomol

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Oak twig pruner (Anelaphus parallelus(Newman); Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) larvae develop inside twigs pruned from host plants. Reasons for this behaviour are unknown and differential emergence due to twig diameter has not been explored. Twigs pruned from walnuts (Juglans nigraLinnaeus; Juglandaceae) (n=179) and oaks (QuercusLinnaeus; Fagaceae) (n=84) were collected in Pennsylvania, United States of America in 2010; 118 pruned oak twigs were collected in New York State, United States of America in 2012. Twigs from 2012 were dissected to determine rates of emergence and larval mortality; both samples were examined for parasitoids. As the diameter of oak twigs (range of 3–16 mm) increased, larval mortality increased and adult emergence decreased. Date of collection did not influence twig diameter nor emergence rates. Three new parasitoids were associated with the oak twig pruner:AtanycolusFörster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae),Eubazus denticulatus(Martin) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and a potentially new genus of wasp (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Hormiinae nearPambolusHaliday). Parasitism rates were an order of magnitude greater among twigs that contained more than one larva or pupa (23.1%;n=26) compared to those that contained only one (2.3%;n=341).

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A Guide to the Insect Borers, Pruners, and Girdlers of Pecan and Hickory

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Scolytinae species damaging Carya illinoinensis trees in southern Brazil

Scolytinae species damaging Carya illinoinensis trees in southern Brazil

Commodity risk assessment of Juglans regia plants from Turkey

The effect of twig diameter on emergence rates of the oak twig pruner (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

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