A handbook of systematic botany

Knoblauch, Emil Friedrich; Potter, M.; Warming, Eugenius

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.3767

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…In a sense, some of the moorland associations described in the next chapter are aquatic, and were so classified by Warming (1895) in his earlier work on plant communities.…”

Section: General Distribution Of the Marsh (Or Swamp) And Aquatic Assmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation of the Peak District / C. E. Moss.

Moss¹

1913

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Address by Congressman John E. Moss JOt-IN E. MOSS: For over twenty years, Congressman Moss has represented the Third Congressional District of California. He serves on the lnterstate and Foreign Comnierce Committee and the Government Operations Committee as velI as on several subcommittees He is chairman of the Subcommittee on Commerce and Finance of the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, which has legislative responsibility for securities matters in the House of Representatives. Mr. Moss also is chairman of the Foreign Operations and Government Information Subcommittee ot the Government Operations Committee.

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“…In a sense, some of the moorland associations described in the next chapter are aquatic, and were so classified by Warming (1895) in his earlier work on plant communities.…”

Section: General Distribution Of the Marsh (Or Swamp) And Aquatic Assmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetation of the Peak District / C. E. Moss.

Moss¹

1913

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“…Thus in taking 7(1, 2) = 7 +V (6) p IT as the parity-nonconserving nucleon-nucleon potential we have included the dominant terms. An effective single-particle potential W may be defined by <aiWljS) = <* I S^J)lO, (7) 01 i<j p where la) are one-particle states and ^a are many-particle states with the last particle in the state a, and the other particles in a standard state {yj, • ° • ,y#-_i}.…”

Section: And Boehm and Kankeleit 4 Are Shown Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 The attempts to calculate such effects and the attempts to observe them have been recently reviewed by Okun. 2 The circular polarization measurements of Lobashov et al 3 Table I, and the asymmetry measurements of Abov et al 5 and Warming et al 6 are shown in Table II. Also shown in the tables are the results of calculations reported in the literature.…”

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confidence: 96%

Parity-Nonconserving Nuclear Forces

McKellar

1968

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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be of some theoretical interest.In general, since the CP nonconservation occurs in the weak-interaction Hamiltonian, there are no large effects to be expected such as an asymmetry in T7-*7r + + 77 0 + 7r~ or 77 -~ ir + +1\ ~" + y y time-reversal noninvariance in nuclear y emission, or the occurrence of ?]-*7r 0 + £+ + £-.It is a pleasure to acknowledge gratefully several stimulating discussions with colleagues here in Princeton. We have particularly benefited from the comments of Professor Francis Low and Dr. Mahiko Suzuki. We are indebted to Professor M. M. Block for an illuminating discussion on neutral lepton currents. We also wish to thank Professor C. Kaysen for his hospitality at The Institute for Advanced Study. The effective single-particle weak parity-nonconserving potential is recalculated including parity-nonconserving one-pion exchange forces and the two-body correlations induced by the hard cores in the nucleon-nucleon potential. The circular polarization of the y ray from the 482-keV transition in 181 Ta is calculated to be -(0.2 ±0.1)x 10~4. The measured value is -(0.06 ±0.01)x 10~4, showing that the observed parity nonconservation in nonleptonic AS = 0 transitions is in agreement with the Cabibbo theory of weak interactions .The current-current theory of weak interactions predicts a weak force between nuclei which can in principle be detected through its parity-nonconserving effects. 1 The attempts to calculate such effects and the attempts to observe them have been recently reviewed by Okun. 2 The circular polarization measurements of Lobashov et al. 3 and Boehm and Kankeleit 4 are shown in Table I, and the asymmetry measurements of Abov et al. 5 and Warming et al. 6 are shown in Table II. Also shown in the tables are the results of calculations reported in the literature. 7 " 11 It is noticeable that the calculations overestimate the effect. It was pointed out by Adams 12 that the hard core of the nucleon-nucleon potential, in keeping the nuclei in the tail of the weak potential, may provide an explanation of this overestimate.In the present Letter we show that this is in fact the case, and in taking the hard-core correlations into account we significantly improve the agreement with experiment. We also include in the calculation the strangeness-changing weak currents which induce a one-pion exchange, parity-nonconserving potential between nuclei. 13 Enhanced by its long range, and suppressed by the factor sin 2 0 c , the net effect is 25% of that of strangeness-conserving currents. The relative sign of the two contributions is not fixed by experiment, nor by any reliable theoretical arguments. 14 (The sign of G is taken as 1542

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“…Plant life and growth forms (shortened to 'plant forms') are non-phylogenetic classifications of species that share similar trait combinations (e.g., herbs, geophytes, lianas), and represent key ecological strategies of plants in relation to their environment. While the grouping of taxa into plant forms has a long-standing history in ecology (Humboldt, 1806;Warming & Knoblauch, 1895;Raunkiaer, 1934;Box, 1981;Ellenberg & Mueller-Dombois, 1982), the concept is still widely used in modern-day studies on functional diversity (Mayfield et al, 2005;Leroy et al, 2021), biome and vegetation classifications (Box & Fujiwara, 2015;Mucina, 2019), ecological restoration (Gómez-Aparicio, 2009), and plant systematics (Govaerts et al, 2021). Despite this long period of development and being a major facet of plant life-history variation, how the spectra of plant life and growth forms contribute to global biodiversity patterns remains unquantified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we provide a global assessment of the importance of different plant forms to global patterns of vascular plant diversity (see Engemann et al, 2016 for the New World), and address how their relative contributions in different biogeographical regions are associated with contemporary and paleoclimate conditions, environmental heterogeneity, and phylogeny. We consider two of the most widely accepted and basic classifications of plant forms -'life forms' and 'growth forms', which for centuries have been used to study vegetation around the world (Humboldt, 1806;Warming & Knoblauch, 1895;Raunkiaer, 1934;Box, 1981;Ellenberg & Mueller-Dombois, 1982). The term 'growth form' refers to the growth habit of plants, recognising trees, shrubs, subshrubs, terrestrial herbs, climbers, and epiphytes as distinct functional types (defined in Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of plant life and growth forms to global gradients of vascular plant diversity

Taylor

Weigelt

Denelle

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Plant life and growth forms (shortened to plant forms) represent key functional strategies of plants in relation to their environment and provide important insights into the ecological constraints acting on the distribution of biodiversity. Despite their ecological importance, how the spectra of plant forms contribute to global gradients of plant diversity is unresolved. Using a novel dataset comprising >295,000 species, we quantify the contribution of different plant forms to global gradients of vascular plant diversity. Further, we establish how plant form distributions in different biogeographical regions are associated with contemporary and paleoclimate conditions, environmental heterogeneity, and phylogeny. We find a major shift in representation by woody perennials in tropical latitudes to herb-dominated floras in temperate and boreal regions, following a sharp latitudinal gradient in plant form diversity from the tropics to the poles. We also find significant functional differences between regions, mirroring life and growth form responses to environmental conditions, which is mostly explained by contemporary climate (18-87%), and phylogeny (6-62%), with paleoclimate and heterogeneity playing only a minor role (<23%). This research highlights variation in the importance of different plant forms to diversity gradients worldwide, providing a much-needed quantification for long-standing ideas and concepts structuring plant assemblages.

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A handbook of systematic botany

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Vegetation of the Peak District / C. E. Moss.

Vegetation of the Peak District / C. E. Moss.

Parity-Nonconserving Nuclear Forces

The contribution of plant life and growth forms to global gradients of vascular plant diversity

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