“…Static versions of the dial-a-ride problem (DARP) are described for instance in Psaraftis (1983), Jaw et al (1986), Ioachim et al (1995), Borndörfer et al (1997), Toth and Vigo (1997), Fu (2002a), Cordeau and Laporte (2003b) and Cordeau (2006). In the dynamic mode, described for example in Madsen et al (1995), Teodorovic and Radivojevic (2000), Colorni and Righini (2001) and Attanasio et al (2004), the number of requests gradually increases as the customers call in requests, and the planning starts before all requests are known. However, the modeling of the dynamic case is in many ways similar to the modeling of the static case.…”