A high-salt/high fat diet alters circadian locomotor activity and glucocorticoid synthesis in mice

Yokoyama, Yoko; Nakamura, Takahiro J.; Yoshimoto, Karen; Ijyuin, Honoka; Tachikawa, Naoyuki; Oda, Haruka; Shiraishi, Rena; Shinohara, Kaori; Kumadaki, Kayo; Honda, Shiori; Nakamura, Anna; Kitamura, Naho; Ohta, Michio; Watanabe, Mitsuhiro

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0233386

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Many behavioral and physiological processes exhibit a 24-h rhythm that is regulated by the circadian rhythm system and can be altered by dietary components [10]. It has been reported that a diet high in fat and salt reduced locomotor activity and disrupted the diurnal rhythm of clock genes in the adrenal gland of mice [11]. An HSD shifts the phase of clock gene expression in peripheral tissues of mice [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Salt Diet Impairs the Neurons Plasticity and the Neurotransmitters-Related Biological Processes

Ling

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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Salt, commonly known as sodium chloride, is an important ingredient that the body requires in relatively minute quantities. However, consuming too much salt can lead to high blood pressure, heart disease and even disruption of circadian rhythms. The biological process of the circadian rhythm was first studied in Drosophila melanogaster and is well understood. Their locomotor activity gradually increases before the light is switched on and off, a phenomenon called anticipation. In a previous study, we showed that a high-salt diet (HSD) impairs morning anticipation behavior in Drosophila. Here, we found that HSD did not significantly disrupt clock gene oscillation in the heads of flies, nor did it disrupt PERIOD protein oscillation in clock neurons or peripheral tissues. Remarkably, we found that HSD impairs neuronal plasticity in the axonal projections of circadian pacemaker neurons. Interestingly, we showed that increased excitability in PDF neurons mimics HSD, which causes morning anticipation impairment. Moreover, we found that HSD significantly disrupts neurotransmitter-related biological processes in the brain. Taken together, our data show that an HSD affects the multiple functions of neurons and impairs physiological behaviors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Salt Diet Impairs the Neurons Plasticity and the Neurotransmitters-Related Biological Processes

Ling

et al. 2021

Nutrients

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“…For example, a high-salt diet affected the circadian rhythm system and therefore caused sleep fragmentation. 38,39 Previous studies also proved that alcohol and caffeine could influence human circadian rhythms. 40,41 In addition, life stress could affect the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in MD 42 and disrupt the circadian rhythm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…These triggers may also alter the expression of circadian clock genes in MD patients. For example, a high‐salt diet affected the circadian rhythm system and therefore caused sleep fragmentation 38,39 . Previous studies also proved that alcohol and caffeine could influence human circadian rhythms 40,41 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of circadian clock genes in leukocytes of patients with Meniere's disease

Yang

Hwang

Tsai

et al. 2022

Laryngoscope Investig Oto

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Objectives The underlying etiology of Meniere's disease (MD) is not completely clear, but the precipitated triggers may alter the circadian clock in patients with MD. This study aims to survey the expression of circadian clock genes in peripheral blood (PB) leukocytes of MD patients. Methods We investigated the expression of nine circadian clock genes in the PB leukocytes of patients with MD and normal controls using real‐time quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). Results We observed significantly lower expression of PER1 gene and higher expression of CLOCK gene in MD patients than those in normal controls (p < 0.05). PER1 did not associate with the degree of dizziness handicap in the patients with MD, but a lower expression of PER1 was significantly correlated with higher pure tone average (PTA) and speech reception threshold of the affected ear (p < 0.05). Patients with PTA > 30 dB had significantly lower PER1 expression than those with PTA ≤30 dB in the affected ear (p < 0.05). Our qRT‐PCR result was validated by fewer positively stained leukocytes for PER1 protein in the MD patients using the immunocytochemical study. Conclusion Our study implies the alteration of the circadian clock in patients with MD. In particular, the downregulation of PER1 correlated with the degree of hearing loss in the affected ear. PER1 in PB leukocytes may be a potential marker for the progression of hearing loss in MD.

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“…In female mice, a high fat diet significantly decreased bmal1 expression in the ovary near the end of dark phase ( Yokoyama et al, 2020 ). StAR and CYP11A1 were downregulated at the beginning of light phase and CYP11B1 was downregulated at the beginning of dark phase.…”

Section: Differential Afferent Inputs To Peripheral and Scn Clocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutual Shaping of Circadian Body-Wide Synchronization by the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and Circulating Steroids

Yao

Silver

2022

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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BackgroundSteroids are lipid hormones that reach bodily tissues through the systemic circulation, and play a major role in reproduction, metabolism, and homeostasis. All of these functions and steroids themselves are under the regulation of the circadian timing system (CTS) and its cellular/molecular underpinnings. In health, cells throughout the body coordinate their daily activities to optimize responses to signals from the CTS and steroids. Misalignment of responses to these signals produces dysfunction and underlies many pathologies.Questions AddressedTo explore relationships between the CTS and circulating steroids, we examine the brain clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the daily fluctuations in plasma steroids, the mechanisms producing regularly recurring fluctuations, and the actions of steroids on their receptors within the SCN. The goal is to understand the relationship between temporal control of steroid secretion and how rhythmic changes in steroids impact the SCN, which in turn modulate behavior and physiology.Evidence SurveyedThe CTS is a multi-level organization producing recurrent feedback loops that operate on several time scales. We review the evidence showing that the CTS modulates the timing of secretions from the level of the hypothalamus to the steroidogenic gonadal and adrenal glands, and at specific sites within steroidogenic pathways. The SCN determines the timing of steroid hormones that then act on their cognate receptors within the brain clock. In addition, some compartments of the body-wide CTS are impacted by signals derived from food, stress, exercise etc. These in turn act on steroidogenesis to either align or misalign CTS oscillators. Finally this review provides a comprehensive exploration of the broad contribution of steroid receptors in the SCN and how these receptors in turn impact peripheral responses.ConclusionThe hypothesis emerging from the recognition of steroid receptors in the SCN is that mutual shaping of responses occurs between the brain clock and fluctuating plasma steroid levels.

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A high-salt/high fat diet alters circadian locomotor activity and glucocorticoid synthesis in mice

Cited by 11 publications

References 51 publications

High-Salt Diet Impairs the Neurons Plasticity and the Neurotransmitters-Related Biological Processes

High-Salt Diet Impairs the Neurons Plasticity and the Neurotransmitters-Related Biological Processes

Expression of circadian clock genes in leukocytes of patients with Meniere's disease

Mutual Shaping of Circadian Body-Wide Synchronization by the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and Circulating Steroids

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