A History of Fire and Vegetation in Northeastern Minnesota as Recorded in Lake Sediments

Swain, Albert M.

doi:10.1016/0033-5894(73)90004-5

Cited by 339 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Although a large amount of data is available on charcoal deposition in lakes [Swain, 1973[Swain, , 1978 Using the method described in section 3, biomass burning input reaching Greenland can be accurately identified from the ammonium and formate profiles. Each sample suspected of containing biomass burning debris is rated 1; all other samples are rated zero.…”

Section: The 1193-1980 Ad Fire Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

High northern latitude forest fires and vegetation emissions over the last millennium inferred from the chemistry of a central Greenland ice core

Savarino¹,

Legrand²

1998

J. Geophys. Res.

137

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Section: The 1193-1980 Ad Fire Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

High northern latitude forest fires and vegetation emissions over the last millennium inferred from the chemistry of a central Greenland ice core

Savarino¹,

Legrand²

1998

J. Geophys. Res.

137

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“…Swain 1973, 1980, Cwynar 1978, Green 1981, Gajewski et al 1985. Conditions have been particularly auspicious in the New World because the human impact on vegetation in prehistoric times is rarely noticeable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, since Waddington's (1969) study, most authors have estimated the total charcoal area lam 2 by varying numbers of size classes (e.g. Swain 1973, 1980, Cwynar 1978, M. Tolonen 1978, Amundson & Wright 1979. Use of the size class counting method is based on the fact that large charcoal particles tend to break during laboratory treatment, which can distort the number of particles (Clark 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of two methods of counting microscopic charcoal particles in peat

Sarmaja‐Korjonen¹

1991

Bull Geol Soc Finland

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SARMAJA-KORJONEN, KAARINA, 1991: Comparison of two methods of counting microscopic charcoal particles in peat. Bull. Geol. Soc. Finland 63, Part 1,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] A peat monolith of the topmost 92.5 cm of Slåttmossen, a bog in Helsinki/ Vantaa, S Finland, was analysed for microscopic charcoal with two methods. In the first, the number of charcoal particles was counted, irrespective of their size; in the second, the total area of charcoal was calculated in seven size classes. The peat monolith was also analysed for pollen. The results show that human activity has played an important role in vegetation changes at the site and has also influenced the fire regime, as new land for cultivation was cleared with fire up to the 18th century. The ratio for charcoal and arboreal pollen concentrations was calculated to eliminate the effect of concentration peaks in the more humified peat layers. After these corrections, both methods gave almost identical results; the size class method was not superior in any way. The distribution of larger charcoal particles provided no clear evidence of individual fires nearby.

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“…As a rule of thumb, fires occur at average intervals of about 80-100 years in midcontinental boreal systems, (Heinselman 1973, Swain 1973, although the actual fire frequency at a given site can range from a few years to 200 years or more. Also, fires tend to occur during periods of warm weather and drought, which can affect lakes even more than does fire (Schindler et al 1996a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustaining Aquatic Ecosystems in Boreal Regions

Schindler¹

1998

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Few boreal waters are managed in a sustainable manner, because cumulative effects of a variety of human activities are not considered. Fisheries and water quality have declined in most large water bodies of the southern boreal zone. Some of the reasons are direct, including overexploitation of fisheries, alteration of flow patterns, introductions of non-native species, and discharge of eutrophying nutrients and persistent contaminants. However, improper management of watersheds and airsheds also causes degradation of aquatic ecosystems. Clear-cut logging, climatic warming, acid precipitation, and stratospheric ozone depletion are among the more important of these indirect stressors. There are important interactions among these stressors, requiring that they not be treated in isolation. Ecological sustainability of boreal waters would require that exploitation of all parts of the boreal landscape be much lower than it is at present. Unfortunately, management for sustainability is lagging far behind scientific understanding in most countries.

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A History of Fire and Vegetation in Northeastern Minnesota as Recorded in Lake Sediments

Cited by 339 publications

References 11 publications

High northern latitude forest fires and vegetation emissions over the last millennium inferred from the chemistry of a central Greenland ice core

High northern latitude forest fires and vegetation emissions over the last millennium inferred from the chemistry of a central Greenland ice core

Comparison of two methods of counting microscopic charcoal particles in peat

Sustaining Aquatic Ecosystems in Boreal Regions

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