A hybrid power-unit based on a passive fuel cell/battery system for lightweight vehicles

Trolio, Pasquale Di; Giorgio, Paolo Di; Genovese, Matteo; Frasci, Emmanuele; Minutillo, Mariagiovanna

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115734

Cited by 36 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A passive structure [13][14][15][16] has no converters in its power network. The fuel cell and battery are directly connected to the load.…”

Section: Passive Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Power System for the Range Extension of Security Robots: Specification Development Phase

Sung

2021

Applied Sciences

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This paper describes our best practices related to hybrid power system (HPS) development, with a focus on the specification development phase. The HPS specifications are based on the main development goals of our security robot, which place top priority on 24 h continuous operation on a single charge. Similar to human guards, security robots are expected to operate 24 h per day, seven days per week, but existing battery-powered robots cannot meet these goals. For long-duration missions, their operating times are too short, and their charging times are too long. As an effective alternative, hydrogen fuel cells are combined with batteries to hybridize the power systems of security robots. In this study, several HPS structures were comprehensively compared by selecting a one-stage series structure. Component specifications were determined based on the selected structure to achieve the main development goals of our security robot. To verify whether the determined specifications are valid, a HPS simulator was developed. The key operating conditions for the HPS were simulated, including overloading, terminal short-circuiting, and drive cycling. Under critical conditions, the behavior of the entire system and its components was confirmed. The developed specifications will eventually be carried over to the prototyping phase.

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“…A passive structure [13][14][15][16] has no converters in its power network. The fuel cell and battery are directly connected to the load.…”

Section: Passive Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Power System for the Range Extension of Security Robots: Specification Development Phase

Sung

2021

Applied Sciences

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“…The feasibility and the interest of a fuel cell-battery direct hybridization have been studied for HT-PEMFC [9][10][11][12] and LT-PEMFC [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], both in automotive [11][12][13][14][15] and aeronautical contexts [9,10,[16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Samsun et al [12] studied the influence of battery capacity on the performance of an auxiliary power unit (APU) for a heavy truck composed of a HT-PEMFC directly connected to a Li-ion battery. A quasi-static model is used for the fuel cell, while the battery model integrates some level of dynamic [14]. The sizing of the fuel cell is based on the mean power of the mission at a voltage equal to the battery open circuit voltage with a SoC of 60%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Sizing of a Fuel Cell—Lithium-Ion Battery Direct Hybridization System for Aeronautical Application

et al. 2021

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Nowadays, many aircraft manufacturers are working on new airplanes to reduce the environmental footprint and therefore meet greenhouse gas reduction targets. The concept of more electric aircraft is one of the solutions to achieve this goal. For this aircraft architecture, several electrical devices are used in order to supply propulsive and non-propulsive functions. This paper focuses on the sizing of a direct hybridization system to supply a non-propulsive function in an aircraft. It is composed of a High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (HT-PEMFC) and a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery. This sizing is based on a static model of each storage device. The accuracy of these models is compared with dynamic models during a simulation for an aeronautical mission. Static models are implemented in a genetic algorithm to achieve two goals: on the one hand, satisfy the mission profile, and on the other hand, minimize the mass of the system. Other criteria, such as battery and fuel cell aging estimation, are considered. The obtained results show that the direct hybridization system allows protecting the fuel cell against an accelerated aging.

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“…However, the system has a poor response to dynamic changes, due to the need for compression to supply air to the fuel cell cathode. It is therefore recommended to introduce an additional energy buffer element to smooth out the variation in energy demand from the fuel cell [9][10][11]. In addition, the introduction of such a buffer allows the capture of the energy recovered from braking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…enables them to charge and discharge quickly, which is ideal when a sudden surge of power is required. Supercapacitors can operate for more than 15 years, while batteries are capable of operating for about 5 years [11][12]. The main disadvantage of supercapacitors is their low energy density, which is less than 10 Wh/kg (compared to lithium-ion (Li-on) batteries, the energy density of which is 150 ÷ 180 Wh/kg) [15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model of a prototype vehicle powered by a hybrid hydrogen system

Gilewski

Czarnigowski

Hunicz

et al. 2021

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The paper presents a physical mathematical model of the movement of a prototype vehicle equipped with an electric drive system powered by two sources of hydrogen fuel cell and supercapacitors. The model is based on the analysis of the forces acting on the vehicle during motion, taking into account both resistance to motion and propulsion. The model also considers the flow of electrical energy from two sources: a hydrogen fuel cell and supercapacitors, taking into account energy buffering. The aim of the model was to develop a tool to analyse fuel consumption at different control strategies of energy flow in a vehicle. The paper also presents the results of model identification for the Hydros prototype vehicle developed at Lublin University of Technology for the Shell Eco Marathon competition. Model validation was performed for a selected run during the 2019 London competition. High agreement of the model with the results of the actual vehicle was obtained.

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A hybrid power-unit based on a passive fuel cell/battery system for lightweight vehicles

Cited by 36 publications

References 29 publications

Hybrid Power System for the Range Extension of Security Robots: Specification Development Phase

Hybrid Power System for the Range Extension of Security Robots: Specification Development Phase

Modeling and Sizing of a Fuel Cell—Lithium-Ion Battery Direct Hybridization System for Aeronautical Application

Model of a prototype vehicle powered by a hybrid hydrogen system

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