“…The nodes can localize themselves using any localization technique proposed for UWSNs, as explained in [18,19]. We assume that the underwater nodes transmit packets using a CSMA-based channel access scheme such as Slotted-FAMA [20], R-MAC [21], T-Lohi [22], SF-MAC [23], BroadcastMac [24], and HRMAC [25] in jamming-less UWSN environment. The maximum transmission power (E nrml ) of each node is fixed and the transmission range (R nrml ) is circular in shape with sharp boundary, which is defined by the respective RSS threshold.…”