A Hybrid Three-Level and Modular Multilevel Converter With DC Fault Blocking Capability and Reduced Semiconductor Losses

Bieber, Levi; Pfannschmidt, Joel; Wang, Liwei; Nami, Alireza; Li, Wei

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2019.2956723

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Analytical developments for the converter efficiency have been discussed in literature in great detail (e.g. [25]). Therefore, for sake of conciseness, the efficiency formulation is omitted in this paper.…”

Section: Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Modular Multilevel Converter Based on Interleaved Half-Bridge Submodules

Viatkin¹,

Ricco²,

Mandrioli³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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<div><div><div><p>A new Modular Multilevel Converter with Interleaved half-bridge Sub-Modules (ISM-MMC) is proposed in this paper. The ISM-MMC exhibits a higher modularity and scalability in terms of current ratings with respect to a conventional MMC, while preserves the typical voltage level adaptiveness. The ISM-MMC brings the known advantages of classical MMC to low-voltage, high-current applications making it a novel candidate for the sector of ultra-fast chargers for all types of electrical vehicles (EV). This advanced topology makes it possible to easily reach charging power of the EV charging system up to 4.5 MW and beyond with low-voltage supply. To operate the new converter, a hybrid modulation scheme that helps to exploit advantages of the interleaving scheme, is implemented, and explained in this paper. It has been verified that the typical MMC control methods are still applicable for ISM-MMC. A comparative study between classical MMC and ISM-MMC configurations in terms of output characteristics and efficiency is also given. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the number of ac voltage levels is synthetically multiplied by the number of interleaved half-bridge legs in submodules. Numerical simulations and Hardware-in-the-Loop tests are carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed topology and implemented modulation scheme.</p></div></div></div>

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Section: Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Modular Multilevel Converter Based on Interleaved Half-Bridge Submodules

Viatkin¹,

Ricco²,

Mandrioli³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…where j = u and y = 1 for the upper arm, and j = l and y = 2 the lower arm. The expression (16) represents the stepped approximation of the arm voltage to be synthesized by the medium-voltage HB cells of the HVCLs, which is predominantly the dc component in addition with the fundamental voltage and harmonics. Despite the presence of dc and fundamental components in both arm current and voltage, the dc power produced in each arm due to dc components balances the average ac power from the fundamental current and voltage, hence the HVCL of the arms exchange zero average power between ac and dc side.…”

Section: B Emmc Modelling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second group of hybrid converters mixes the basic building blocks of MMC such as the HB and FB chain-links or whole MMC power circuits with so called director switches (which are formed by series connected thyristors or IGBT) [14], [15]. Although the latter group compromises system modularity compared to the former, they offer a range of advantages, from nearly doubling the power extraction compared to that of the MMC, to bipolar dc voltage operation with semiconductor losses similar to that of the HB-MMC [16]- [19].…”

Section: Introduction Present Generations Of Multilevel Voltage Somentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Modular Multilevel Converter for HVdc Applications: Assessments of Dynamic and Transient Responses to AC and DC Faults

Vozikis

Adam

Rault³

et al. 2021

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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This paper describes the operating principles and theoretical relationships that underpin the modelling and control system of the enhanced modular multilevel converter (EMMC). A full-scale model of a point-to-point HVdc link that employs EMMCs is used to examine its performance during normal operation in all four quadrants, and resiliency to symmetrical and asymmetrical ac and dc faults. Results of exhaustive simulation studies reveal that the improved ac and dc power qualities, which are achieved by incorporation of a few full-bridge cells into the arms of conventional half-bridge modular multilevel converter (HB-MMC) with medium-voltage cells to create the EMMC do not affect its ac and dc fault ride-through capability nor its dynamics during normal operation as active and reactive power set-points being varied. In addition, a variant of the EMMC is proposed, in which the number of full-bridge cells to be added into the arms of HB-MMC could be increased to offer bespoke features beyond that explicitly defined in original vision of the EMMC, such as reduced dc voltage operation during pole-toground dc fault, and potential extension of fault clearance times in multi-terminal HVdc grids. Moreover, the validity of the new variant has been confirmed using results obtained from highfidelity HVdc link models developed in EMPT-RV platform, in which the EMMCs are replaced by the proposed variant.

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“…Hybrid multilevel converter topologies were proposed in [13]- [22], which further improve the converter efficiency, compactness, and DC fault resilience. The so-called alternate arm converter (AAC) was proposed in [13]- [17], which uses IGBT director switches (DSs) in series with FBSMs in each converter arm to perform AC/DC power conversion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The so-called alternate arm converter (AAC) was proposed in [13]- [17], which uses IGBT director switches (DSs) in series with FBSMs in each converter arm to perform AC/DC power conversion. Hybrid cascaded multilevel converters (HCMCs) are proposed in [18]- [22], which use two-level or three-level converters as the main converter (the so-called H2LC and H3LC) and AC-side full-bridge chain-links (AC-FBCL) as an active filter to shape a sinusoidal output voltage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Loss Thyristor-Based Hybrid Three-Level and Modular Multilevel Converter With DC Fault Blocking Capability for HVDC Transmission

Bieber

Wang

2020

IEEE Open J. Power Energy

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This paper proposes a thyristor-based hybrid three-level converter (TH3LC) equipped with an AC-side full-bridge submodule chain-link (FBCL) for voltage-source converter (VSC) high voltage direct current (HVDC) applications. The TH3LC uses thyristor-based director switches (DSs) to conduct the bulk of transferred power while the AC-FBCL enables a multilevel voltage output. Third-order harmonic voltage injection is used by the AC-FBCL to limit its total blocking voltage to less than or equal to a quarter of the DC-side voltage, reducing the converter footprint, semiconductor count, and losses. The DSs of the TH3LC are force-commutated by an additional neutral-point-connected, low capacitance commutation FBCL (C-FBCL). The C-FBCL enables a stepped-trapezoidal voltage at the output of the three-level converter for straightforward synchronization with the AC-FBCL and zero-voltage switching for the DSs. Case studies show that the TH3LC provides similar converter efficiency to the half-bridge MMC (HB-MMC) while possessing DC fault blocking capability and a smaller footprint due to a reduced number of submodules. INDEX TERMS AC-side cascaded full bridge submodule, DC fault blocking, HVDC transmission, hybrid multilevel converter, modular multilevel converter, three-level converter, voltage source converter.

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A Hybrid Three-Level and Modular Multilevel Converter With DC Fault Blocking Capability and Reduced Semiconductor Losses

Cited by 32 publications

References 47 publications

A Novel Modular Multilevel Converter Based on Interleaved Half-Bridge Submodules

A Novel Modular Multilevel Converter Based on Interleaved Half-Bridge Submodules

Enhanced Modular Multilevel Converter for HVdc Applications: Assessments of Dynamic and Transient Responses to AC and DC Faults

A Low-Loss Thyristor-Based Hybrid Three-Level and Modular Multilevel Converter With DC Fault Blocking Capability for HVDC Transmission

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