2002
DOI: 10.4314/wsa.v28i4.4910
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A hydrogeomorphological approach to quantification of groundwater discharge to streams in South Africa

Abstract: In South Africa, the flow requirements for maintaining the normal functioning of aquatic ecosystems is termed the "ecological reserve", and these should be determined when a licence application for water allocation is processed. Determination of the ecological reserve entails investigation of the relationship between the major interactive components of the hydrologic cycle, namely groundwater and surface water bodies including rivers, lakes and estuaries. Information on groundwater discharge towards surface wa… Show more

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Cited by 11 publications
(12 citation statements)
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“…In many places in Africa, a system of natural springs provides sufficient water to create ponds, lakes, or rivers. For the determination of ecological reserve (or environmental flow requirements) under the South Africa Water Act of 1998, ground water–fed base flow is recognized as an important component of the flow requirements to keep an aquatic system such as a river, wetland, and estuary functioning normally and healthily (Xu et al 2000, 2002; Seward et al 2006). Besides the serious socioeconomic consequences of the loss of a life‐giving resource, particularly for vulnerable rural communities, there are clear signs of irreversible impacts on the environment through the drying up of whole landscapes, e.g., destruction of wetland and terrestrial ecosystems as well as migration of poor quality water (Brendonck, personal communication, 2007).…”
Section: Present and Potential Role Of Ground Water In African Water mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In many places in Africa, a system of natural springs provides sufficient water to create ponds, lakes, or rivers. For the determination of ecological reserve (or environmental flow requirements) under the South Africa Water Act of 1998, ground water–fed base flow is recognized as an important component of the flow requirements to keep an aquatic system such as a river, wetland, and estuary functioning normally and healthily (Xu et al 2000, 2002; Seward et al 2006). Besides the serious socioeconomic consequences of the loss of a life‐giving resource, particularly for vulnerable rural communities, there are clear signs of irreversible impacts on the environment through the drying up of whole landscapes, e.g., destruction of wetland and terrestrial ecosystems as well as migration of poor quality water (Brendonck, personal communication, 2007).…”
Section: Present and Potential Role Of Ground Water In African Water mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…There are a number of comprehensive reviews of the current understanding of the physical interactions that occur between groundwater and surface water systems (Winter 1999, Sophocleous 2002, Brunner et al 2009, Unland et al 2013, Lamontagne et al 2014. Within South Africa the focus has tended to be more on management issues surrounding the interactions between surface and groundwater (Xu et al 2002, Parsons 2004, Le Maitre and Colvin 2008, Hughes 2010, Levy and Xu 2011, while some contributions have focused on the physical processes behind the interactions, albeit through relatively small scale studies (Hughes and Sami 1992, Lorentz et al 2004, Roets et al 2008, Wenningger et al 2008, Kelbe and Germishuyse, 2010. One of the limiting factors in trying to understand and quantify interaction processes at scales appropriate for regional water resources management is the lack of direct data that is available to quantify almost all of the individual processes, from recharge, through vertical drainage, to the interactions between aquifers and river channels.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…None of the methods discussed is able to differentiate between ground-water discharge and interflow. Xu et al (2002), however, do offer criteria for deciding when interflow might be an important component of the hydrograph.…”
Section: Baseflow Separation Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The growth and decay factors are estimated through visual calibration so that a realistic separation is achieved (Parsons and Wentzel 2007). Xu et al (2002) improved on the Herold technique by taking into account the hydrogeomorphologic setting of the reach of river being considered. They suggested different ranges of values for the growth and decay factors based on the river-segment location (upper, middle or lower part of the catchment), the likely importance of bank storage, whether the river is braided or meandering and whether the water table is above or below river stage.…”
Section: Baseflow Separation Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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