A hydrophilic polymer‐coated antimicrobial urethral catheter

Abstract

An antibiotic eluting catheter has been designed to suppress bacteriuria associated with indwelling catheter drainage of the bladder. A coating of hydrophilicgel plastic, Hydron, is used as the vehicle from which the antimicrobial agent is locally released. In 15 dogs, indwelling Hydron‐cephalothin catheters provided a high degree of protection against bacteriuria up to 96 hr. After 48 hr, all 12 control animals became infected. In preliminary clinical trials involving 60 definitive cases Hydron‐cephalothin (Group II) and plain Hydron (Group III)‐coated indwelling catheters prevented the development of bacteriuria to a significant degree compared with uncoated latex controls (Group I). At the end of 5 days, the cumulative per cent infected for Groups I, II, and III was 75, 33, and 4.7%, respectively. Increased lubricity and reduced urethral mocosal reaction at the catheter interface promote drainage and prevent accumulation of detritus at the meatus. An indwelling antibiotic eluting catheter appears to interdict bacterial invasion of the bladder by, through, and around the catheter.

Activity of a nitrofurazone matrix urinary catheter against catheter-associated uropathogens

“…These results suggest that the study catheter may be able to prevent such bacteria from migrating inward along the external surface of the catheter into the bladder, thereby (27), or cephalothin (18) from coated catheters in vivo, as well as in vitro inhibition of one or two test strains (E. coli [3,18] or S. aureus [18]) by coated catheters. We determined susceptibility to both the active agent and the coated catheter for a large number of strains reflecting the diversity of bacterial types implicated in catheter-associated UTIs (2,14,15,28,31).…”

“…Because with closed drainage systems the most common route for acquisition of infection is along the outside of the catheter (5,8), the most promising preventive measures have been those designed to block microbial migration along this pathway. However, aggressive meatal disinfection regimens have proved unhelpful or actually harmful (2,13), catheters coated with hydrophilic gels (18,21,32) or antimicrobial compounds (3,6,12,18,29) have not convincingly succeeded in blocking infection, and catheters coated with silver oxide have given encouraging results in some (15,20,31) but not all (4) clinical trials.…”

Prevention of catheter-related infections: the potential of a new nano-silver impregnated catheter

“…Various material modifications have been tried with limited success: an antibiotic (cefoxitin) bonded nephrostomy catheter for percutaneous nephrostomies as well as a catheter with a nitrofurazone matrix has been designed [5][6][7][8]. Comparative studies such as the development of an antimicrobial compound-containing catheter or different hydrophilic polymer-coated catheters, showed no significant differences in clinical studies from the conventional catheter system with the exception of a gentamicin releasing urethral catheter which demonstrated short-term efficacy (5 days) in a rabbit model [9].…”

Water transport in 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer irradiated by ? rays in air and related phenomena

“…The 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) copolymers have been widely studied and employed as biomaterials, including soft contact lenses, 1,2 kidney dialysis systems, 3,4 drug delivery systems 5,6 and artificial liver support systems. 7,8 The presence of a hydroxyl group and a carbonyl group on each repeated unit makes the polymers compatible with water, and the hydrophobic ␣-methyl group and backbone impart hydrolytic stability to the polymers and support the mechanical strength of the polymer matrix.…”