A javanese diaspora? gender and identity politics in indonesia's transmigration resettlement program

Javanese Diaspora and Adapted Ecology of Java Ethnic in Simalungun North Sumatra

“…Even though, it has assimilated and diffused with local ethnic (Batak), but there have been any imminent elements and maintained by Javanese ethnic as the tradition. One of the traditions maintained by Java ethnic is gotong royong, as indicated by the transmigrant in North Lampung (Elmhirst, 2000). Either men or women cooperate (the term of local called marsidapari 3) even though this tradition is scarcely done, only to those have kinship relatonship.…”

Social Identity, Ethnicity and Internal Mobility in Indonesia

“…Diaspora of Javanese at transmigration location indirectly forming their identity as Javanese. This situation according to reference [6] is called "diasporic project" or "Javanization" process, or can be defined as "homogenizing force aimed at securing national unity through the resettlement of Javanese transmigrants in remote areas, intensifying the presence of a Javanese centre in the country's margins. "…”

“…Transmigration, as a type of internal migration, is a cultural project and is interpreted as "Javanization" processes, carried out by migrants from Central and East Java to the other islands (transmigration destinations) in Indonesia [6]. This paper aims to describe the social identities of internal mobility in Indonesia from the social space and ethnicity perspective.…”

People in motion, forests in transition: Trends in migration, urbanization, and remittances and their effects on tropical forests

“…Emerging research has begun to address this gap emphasizing the many other sociological and ethnographic features that mediate rural life including social claims on resources, historical labor obligations, cultural patterns of reciprocity, institutions and, in some cases, violence. (Elmhirst 2000;Hoey 2003;Brondizio 2004;Peluso 2008;Alvarado and Massey 2010). Thirdly, a sectoral orientation predominates in analyzing household economies within agriculture, industry, services and forest activities.…”

“…It is not unusual in Latin America for sending communities to have lost 60% of their young men, nor is this level of outmigration unusual in Africa and Asia (Elmhirst 2000;Kandel and Cuellar 2012), though it varies by country, region, district and even within villages. For instance, in Nepal, migration is male dominated, with women constituting a mere 6% of the total migrant worker population in FY 2011/2012 (Sharma et al 2014).…”